CodeGen_PTX_Dev.cpp
#include "CodeGen_PTX_Dev.h"
#include "CSE.h"
#include "CodeGen_GPU_Dev.h"
#include "CodeGen_Internal.h"
#include "CodeGen_LLVM.h"
#include "ConciseCasts.h"
#include "Debug.h"
#include "ExprUsesVar.h"
#include "IREquality.h"
#include "IRMatch.h"
#include "IRMutator.h"
#include "IROperator.h"
#include "IRPrinter.h"
#include "LLVM_Headers.h"
#include "LLVM_Runtime_Linker.h"
#include "Simplify.h"
#include "Solve.h"
#include "Target.h"
#include <fstream>
// This is declared in NVPTX.h, which is not exported. Ugly, but seems better than
// hardcoding a path to the .h file.
#ifdef WITH_NVPTX
namespace llvm {
FunctionPass *createNVVMReflectPass(const StringMap<int> &Mapping);
}
#endif
namespace Halide {
namespace Internal {
using std::string;
using std::vector;
using namespace Halide::ConciseCasts;
using namespace llvm;
#ifdef WITH_NVPTX
namespace {
/** A code generator that emits GPU code from a given Halide stmt. */
class CodeGen_PTX_Dev : public CodeGen_LLVM, public CodeGen_GPU_Dev {
public:
/** Create a PTX device code generator. */
CodeGen_PTX_Dev(const Target &host);
~CodeGen_PTX_Dev() override;
void add_kernel(Stmt stmt,
const std::string &name,
const std::vector<DeviceArgument> &args) override;
static void test();
std::vector<char> compile_to_src() override;
std::string get_current_kernel_name() override;
void dump() override;
std::string print_gpu_name(const std::string &name) override;
std::string api_unique_name() override {
return "cuda";
}
protected:
using CodeGen_LLVM::visit;
/** (Re)initialize the PTX module. This is separate from compile, since
* a PTX device module will often have many kernels compiled into it for
* a single pipeline. */
/* override */ void init_module() override;
/** We hold onto the basic block at the start of the device
* function in order to inject allocas */
llvm::BasicBlock *entry_block;
/** Nodes for which we need to override default behavior for the GPU runtime */
// @{
void visit(const Call *) override;
void visit(const For *) override;
void visit(const Allocate *) override;
void visit(const Free *) override;
void visit(const AssertStmt *) override;
void visit(const Load *) override;
void visit(const Store *) override;
void visit(const Atomic *) override;
void codegen_vector_reduce(const VectorReduce *op, const Expr &init) override;
// @}
std::string march() const;
std::string mcpu_target() const override;
std::string mcpu_tune() const override;
std::string mattrs() const override;
bool use_soft_float_abi() const override;
int native_vector_bits() const override;
bool promote_indices() const override {
return false;
}
Type upgrade_type_for_arithmetic(const Type &t) const override {
return t;
}
Type upgrade_type_for_storage(const Type &t) const override;
/** Map from simt variable names (e.g. foo.__block_id_x) to the llvm
* ptx intrinsic functions to call to get them. */
std::string simt_intrinsic(const std::string &name);
bool supports_atomic_add(const Type &t) const override;
};
CodeGen_PTX_Dev::CodeGen_PTX_Dev(const Target &host)
: CodeGen_LLVM(host) {
context = new llvm::LLVMContext();
}
CodeGen_PTX_Dev::~CodeGen_PTX_Dev() {
// This is required as destroying the context before the module
// results in a crash. Really, responsibility for destruction
// should be entirely in the parent class.
// TODO: Figure out how to better manage the context -- e.g. allow using
// same one as the host.
module.reset();
delete context;
}
Type CodeGen_PTX_Dev::upgrade_type_for_storage(const Type &t) const {
if (t.element_of() == Float(16)) {
return t;
}
return CodeGen_LLVM::upgrade_type_for_storage(t);
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::add_kernel(Stmt stmt,
const std::string &name,
const std::vector<DeviceArgument> &args) {
internal_assert(module != nullptr);
debug(2) << "In CodeGen_PTX_Dev::add_kernel\n";
// Now deduce the types of the arguments to our function
vector<llvm::Type *> arg_types(args.size());
for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
if (args[i].is_buffer) {
arg_types[i] = llvm_type_of(UInt(8))->getPointerTo();
} else {
arg_types[i] = llvm_type_of(args[i].type);
}
}
// Make our function
FunctionType *func_t = FunctionType::get(void_t, arg_types, false);
function = llvm::Function::Create(func_t, llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, name, module.get());
set_function_attributes_from_halide_target_options(*function);
// Mark the buffer args as no alias
for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
if (args[i].is_buffer) {
function->addParamAttr(i, Attribute::NoAlias);
}
}
// Make the initial basic block
entry_block = BasicBlock::Create(*context, "entry", function);
builder->SetInsertPoint(entry_block);
// Put the arguments in the symbol table
vector<string> arg_sym_names;
{
size_t i = 0;
for (auto &fn_arg : function->args()) {
string arg_sym_name = args[i].name;
sym_push(arg_sym_name, &fn_arg);
fn_arg.setName(arg_sym_name);
arg_sym_names.push_back(arg_sym_name);
i++;
}
}
// We won't end the entry block yet, because we'll want to add
// some allocas to it later if there are local allocations. Start
// a new block to put all the code.
BasicBlock *body_block = BasicBlock::Create(*context, "body", function);
builder->SetInsertPoint(body_block);
debug(1) << "Generating llvm bitcode for kernel...\n";
// Ok, we have a module, function, context, and a builder
// pointing at a brand new basic block. We're good to go.
stmt.accept(this);
// Now we need to end the function
builder->CreateRetVoid();
// Make the entry block point to the body block
builder->SetInsertPoint(entry_block);
builder->CreateBr(body_block);
// Add the nvvm annotation that it is a kernel function.
llvm::Metadata *md_args[] = {
llvm::ValueAsMetadata::get(function),
MDString::get(*context, "kernel"),
llvm::ValueAsMetadata::get(ConstantInt::get(i32_t, 1))};
MDNode *md_node = MDNode::get(*context, md_args);
module->getOrInsertNamedMetadata("nvvm.annotations")->addOperand(md_node);
// Now verify the function is ok
verifyFunction(*function);
// Finally, verify the module is ok
verifyModule(*module);
debug(2) << "Done generating llvm bitcode for PTX\n";
// Clear the symbol table
for (const auto &arg_sym_name : arg_sym_names) {
sym_pop(arg_sym_name);
}
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::init_module() {
init_context();
module = get_initial_module_for_ptx_device(target, context);
struct Intrinsic {
const char *name;
Type ret_type;
const char *intrin_name;
vector<Type> arg_types;
};
Intrinsic ptx_intrins[] = {
{"dp4a", Int(32), "dp4a_s32_s32", {Int(8, 4), Int(8, 4), Int(32)}},
{"dp4a", Int(32), "dp4a_s32_u32", {Int(8, 4), UInt(8, 4), Int(32)}},
{"dp4a", Int(32), "dp4a_u32_s32", {UInt(8, 4), Int(8, 4), Int(32)}},
{"dp4a", UInt(32), "dp4a_u32_u32", {UInt(8, 4), UInt(8, 4), UInt(32)}},
{"dp2a", Int(32), "dp2a_s32_s32", {Int(16, 4), Int(8, 4), Int(32)}},
{"dp2a", Int(32), "dp2a_s32_u32", {Int(16, 4), UInt(8, 4), Int(32)}},
{"dp2a", Int(32), "dp2a_u32_s32", {UInt(16, 4), Int(8, 4), Int(32)}},
{"dp2a", UInt(32), "dp2a_u32_u32", {UInt(16, 4), UInt(8, 4), UInt(32)}},
{"round", Float(32), "llvm.rint.f32", {Float(32)}},
{"round", Float(64), "llvm.rint.f64", {Float(64)}},
};
for (auto &&i : ptx_intrins) {
auto *fn = declare_intrin_overload(i.name, i.ret_type, i.intrin_name, std::move(i.arg_types));
function_does_not_access_memory(fn);
fn->addFnAttr(llvm::Attribute::NoUnwind);
}
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::visit(const Call *op) {
if (op->is_intrinsic(Call::gpu_thread_barrier)) {
// Even though we always insert a __syncthreads equivalent
// (which has both a device and shared memory fence)
// check to make sure the intrinsic has the right number of
// arguments
internal_assert(op->args.size() == 1) << "gpu_thread_barrier() intrinsic must specify memory fence type.\n";
const auto *fence_type_ptr = as_const_int(op->args[0]);
internal_assert(fence_type_ptr) << "gpu_thread_barrier() parameter is not a constant integer.\n";
llvm::Function *barrier0 = module->getFunction("llvm.nvvm.barrier0");
internal_assert(barrier0) << "Could not find PTX barrier intrinsic (llvm.nvvm.barrier0)\n";
builder->CreateCall(barrier0);
value = ConstantInt::get(i32_t, 0);
return;
}
// TODO: It would be better if CodeGen_LLVM could handle overloaded intrin calls by default.
value = call_overloaded_intrin(op->type, op->name, op->args);
if (!value) {
CodeGen_LLVM::visit(op);
}
}
string CodeGen_PTX_Dev::simt_intrinsic(const string &name) {
if (ends_with(name, ".__thread_id_x")) {
return "llvm.nvvm.read.ptx.sreg.tid.x";
} else if (ends_with(name, ".__thread_id_y")) {
return "llvm.nvvm.read.ptx.sreg.tid.y";
} else if (ends_with(name, ".__thread_id_z")) {
return "llvm.nvvm.read.ptx.sreg.tid.z";
} else if (ends_with(name, ".__thread_id_w")) {
return "llvm.nvvm.read.ptx.sreg.tid.w";
} else if (ends_with(name, ".__block_id_x")) {
return "llvm.nvvm.read.ptx.sreg.ctaid.x";
} else if (ends_with(name, ".__block_id_y")) {
return "llvm.nvvm.read.ptx.sreg.ctaid.y";
} else if (ends_with(name, ".__block_id_z")) {
return "llvm.nvvm.read.ptx.sreg.ctaid.z";
} else if (ends_with(name, ".__block_id_w")) {
return "llvm.nvvm.read.ptx.sreg.ctaid.w";
}
internal_error << "simt_intrinsic called on bad variable name\n";
return "";
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::visit(const For *loop) {
if (is_gpu_var(loop->name)) {
Expr simt_idx = Call::make(Int(32), simt_intrinsic(loop->name), std::vector<Expr>(), Call::Extern);
internal_assert(is_const_zero(loop->min));
sym_push(loop->name, codegen(simt_idx));
codegen(loop->body);
sym_pop(loop->name);
} else {
CodeGen_LLVM::visit(loop);
}
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::visit(const Allocate *alloc) {
user_assert(!alloc->new_expr.defined()) << "Allocate node inside PTX kernel has custom new expression.\n"
<< "(Memoization is not supported inside GPU kernels at present.)\n";
if (alloc->memory_type == MemoryType::GPUShared) {
// PTX uses zero in address space 3 as the base address for shared memory
Value *shared_base = Constant::getNullValue(PointerType::get(i8_t, 3));
sym_push(alloc->name, shared_base);
} else {
debug(2) << "Allocate " << alloc->name << " on device\n";
string allocation_name = alloc->name;
debug(3) << "Pushing allocation called " << allocation_name << " onto the symbol table\n";
// Jump back to the entry and generate an alloca. Note that by
// jumping back we're rendering any expression we carry back
// meaningless, so we had better only be dealing with
// constants here.
int32_t size = alloc->constant_allocation_size();
internal_assert(size > 0)
<< "Allocation " << alloc->name << " has a dynamic size. "
<< "This should have been moved to the heap by the "
<< "fuse_gpu_thread_loops lowering pass.\n";
BasicBlock *here = builder->GetInsertBlock();
builder->SetInsertPoint(entry_block);
Value *ptr = builder->CreateAlloca(llvm_type_of(alloc->type), ConstantInt::get(i32_t, size));
builder->SetInsertPoint(here);
sym_push(allocation_name, ptr);
}
codegen(alloc->body);
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::visit(const Free *f) {
sym_pop(f->name);
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::visit(const AssertStmt *op) {
// Discard the error message for now.
Expr trap = Call::make(Int(32), "halide_ptx_trap", {}, Call::Extern);
codegen(IfThenElse::make(!op->condition, Evaluate::make(trap)));
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::visit(const Load *op) {
// Do aligned 4-wide 32-bit loads as a single i128 load.
const Ramp *r = op->index.as<Ramp>();
// TODO: lanes >= 4, not lanes == 4
if (is_const_one(op->predicate) && r && is_const_one(r->stride) && r->lanes == 4 && op->type.bits() == 32) {
ModulusRemainder align = op->alignment;
if (align.modulus % 4 == 0 && align.remainder % 4 == 0) {
Expr index = simplify(r->base / 4);
Expr equiv = Load::make(UInt(128), op->name, index,
op->image, op->param, const_true(), align / 4);
equiv = reinterpret(op->type, equiv);
codegen(equiv);
return;
}
}
CodeGen_LLVM::visit(op);
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::visit(const Store *op) {
// Issue atomic store if we are inside an Atomic node.
if (emit_atomic_stores) {
user_assert(is_const_one(op->predicate)) << "Atomic update does not support predicated store.\n";
user_assert(op->value.type().bits() >= 32) << "CUDA: 8-bit or 16-bit atomics are not supported.\n";
}
// Do aligned 4-wide 32-bit stores as a single i128 store.
const Ramp *r = op->index.as<Ramp>();
// TODO: lanes >= 4, not lanes == 4
if (is_const_one(op->predicate) && r && is_const_one(r->stride) && r->lanes == 4 && op->value.type().bits() == 32) {
ModulusRemainder align = op->alignment;
if (align.modulus % 4 == 0 && align.remainder % 4 == 0) {
Expr index = simplify(r->base / 4);
Expr value = reinterpret(UInt(128), op->value);
Stmt equiv = Store::make(op->name, value, index, op->param, const_true(), align / 4);
codegen(equiv);
return;
}
}
CodeGen_LLVM::visit(op);
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::visit(const Atomic *op) {
// CUDA requires all the threads in a warp to perform the same operations,
// which means our mutex will lead to deadlock.
user_assert(op->mutex_name.empty())
<< "The atomic update requires a mutex lock, which is not supported in CUDA.\n";
// Issue atomic stores.
ScopedValue<bool> old_emit_atomic_stores(emit_atomic_stores, true);
CodeGen_LLVM::visit(op);
}
// The NVPTX backend generates really terrible code if loads aren't 32-bit. This
// mutator replaces 8- or 16-bit loads aligned to 32-bits with 32-bit loads of fewer
// lanes instead.
class RewriteLoadsAs32Bit : public IRMutator {
using IRMutator::visit;
Expr visit(const Load *op) override {
if (op->type.is_scalar() || op->type.bits() * op->type.lanes() < 32) {
return IRMutator::visit(op);
}
Expr index = mutate(op->index);
int sub_lanes = 32 / op->type.bits();
const Ramp *idx = index.as<Ramp>();
if (idx &&
is_const_one(op->predicate) &&
is_const_one(idx->stride) &&
op->alignment.modulus % sub_lanes == 0 &&
op->alignment.remainder % sub_lanes == 0) {
Expr new_idx = simplify(idx->base / sub_lanes);
int load_lanes = op->type.lanes() / sub_lanes;
if (op->type.lanes() > sub_lanes) {
new_idx = Ramp::make(new_idx, 1, load_lanes);
}
Expr new_load = Load::make(Int(32, load_lanes), op->name, new_idx, op->image, op->param, const_true(load_lanes), op->alignment / sub_lanes);
return reinterpret(op->type, new_load);
} else if (index.same_as(op->index)) {
return op;
} else {
return Load::make(op->type, op->name, op->index, op->image, op->param, op->predicate, op->alignment);
}
}
};
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::codegen_vector_reduce(const VectorReduce *op, const Expr &init) {
// Pattern match 8/16-bit dot products
struct Pattern {
VectorReduce::Operator op;
int factor;
Expr pattern;
const char *name;
int flags;
enum {
SwapOps = 1 << 0, // This happens before narrowing op 1 below.
NarrowOp1 = 1 << 1,
};
};
static Expr wild_i8x = Variable::make(Int(8, 0), "*");
static Expr wild_u8x = Variable::make(UInt(8, 0), "*");
static Expr wild_i16x = Variable::make(Int(16, 0), "*");
static Expr wild_u16x = Variable::make(UInt(16, 0), "*");
// TODO: Support rewriting to arbitrary calls in IRMatch and use that instead
// of expr_match here. That would probably allow avoiding the redundant swapping
// operands logic.
// clang-format off
static const Pattern patterns[] = {
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, i32(widening_mul(wild_i8x, wild_i8x)), "dp4a"},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, i32(widening_mul(wild_i8x, wild_u8x)), "dp4a"},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, i32(widening_mul(wild_u8x, wild_i8x)), "dp4a"},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, u32(widening_mul(wild_u8x, wild_u8x)), "dp4a"},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, widening_mul(wild_i16x, wild_i16x), "dp2a", Pattern::NarrowOp1},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, widening_mul(wild_i16x, wild_u16x), "dp2a", Pattern::NarrowOp1},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, widening_mul(wild_u16x, wild_i16x), "dp2a", Pattern::NarrowOp1},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, widening_mul(wild_u16x, wild_u16x), "dp2a", Pattern::NarrowOp1},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, widening_mul(wild_i16x, wild_i16x), "dp2a", Pattern::SwapOps | Pattern::NarrowOp1},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, widening_mul(wild_u16x, wild_i16x), "dp2a", Pattern::SwapOps | Pattern::NarrowOp1},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, widening_mul(wild_i16x, wild_u16x), "dp2a", Pattern::SwapOps | Pattern::NarrowOp1},
{VectorReduce::Add, 4, widening_mul(wild_u16x, wild_u16x), "dp2a", Pattern::SwapOps | Pattern::NarrowOp1},
};
// clang-format on
const int input_lanes = op->value.type().lanes();
const int factor = input_lanes / op->type.lanes();
std::vector<Expr> matches;
for (const Pattern &p : patterns) {
if (p.op != op->op || factor % p.factor != 0) {
continue;
}
if (!expr_match(p.pattern, op->value, matches)) {
continue;
}
Expr a = matches[0];
Expr b = matches[1];
if (p.flags & Pattern::SwapOps) {
std::swap(a, b);
}
if (p.flags & Pattern::NarrowOp1) {
// This pattern needs the second operand to be narrowed further.
Expr b_narrow = lossless_cast(b.type().narrow(), b);
if (!b_narrow.defined()) {
b_narrow = lossless_cast(b.type().narrow().with_code(halide_type_uint), b);
if (!b_narrow.defined()) {
continue;
}
}
b = b_narrow;
}
Expr i = init;
if (!i.defined()) {
i = cast(op->value.type(), 0);
}
vector<Expr> result;
for (int l = 0; l < op->type.lanes(); l++) {
// To compute a single lane of the output, we'll
// extract the appropriate slice of the args, which
// have been reinterpreted as 32-bit vectors, then
// call either dp4a or dp2a the appropriate number of
// times, and finally sum the result.
Expr i_slice = Shuffle::make_extract_element(i, l);
for (int i = 0; i < factor; i += p.factor) {
Expr a_slice = Shuffle::make_slice(a, i + l * factor, 1, p.factor);
Expr b_slice = Shuffle::make_slice(b, i + l * factor, 1, p.factor);
i_slice = Call::make(i_slice.type(), p.name, {a_slice, b_slice, i_slice}, Call::PureExtern);
}
i_slice = RewriteLoadsAs32Bit().mutate(i_slice);
i_slice = simplify(i_slice);
i_slice = common_subexpression_elimination(i_slice);
result.push_back(i_slice);
}
// Concatenate the per-lane results to get the full vector result
Expr equiv = Shuffle::make_concat(result);
equiv.accept(this);
return;
}
CodeGen_LLVM::codegen_vector_reduce(op, init);
}
string CodeGen_PTX_Dev::march() const {
return "nvptx64";
}
string CodeGen_PTX_Dev::mcpu_target() const {
if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability86)) {
return "sm_86";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability80)) {
return "sm_80";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability75)) {
return "sm_75";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability70)) {
return "sm_70";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability61)) {
return "sm_61";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability50)) {
return "sm_50";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability35)) {
return "sm_35";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability32)) {
return "sm_32";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability30)) {
return "sm_30";
} else {
return "sm_20";
}
}
string CodeGen_PTX_Dev::mcpu_tune() const {
return mcpu_target();
}
string CodeGen_PTX_Dev::mattrs() const {
if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability86)) {
return "+ptx71";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability80)) {
return "+ptx70";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability70) ||
target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability75)) {
return "+ptx60";
} else if (target.has_feature(Target::CUDACapability61)) {
return "+ptx50";
} else if (target.features_any_of({Target::CUDACapability32,
Target::CUDACapability50})) {
// Need ptx isa 4.0.
return "+ptx40";
} else {
// Use the default. For llvm 3.5 it's ptx 3.2.
return "";
}
}
bool CodeGen_PTX_Dev::use_soft_float_abi() const {
return false;
}
vector<char> CodeGen_PTX_Dev::compile_to_src() {
debug(2) << "In CodeGen_PTX_Dev::compile_to_src";
// DISABLED - hooked in here to force PrintBeforeAll option - seems to be the only way?
/*char* argv[] = { "llc", "-print-before-all" };*/
/*int argc = sizeof(argv)/sizeof(char*);*/
/*cl::ParseCommandLineOptions(argc, argv, "Halide PTX internal compiler\n");*/
llvm::Triple triple(module->getTargetTriple());
// Allocate target machine
std::string err_str;
const llvm::Target *llvm_target = TargetRegistry::lookupTarget(triple.str(), err_str);
internal_assert(llvm_target) << err_str << "\n";
TargetOptions options;
options.AllowFPOpFusion = FPOpFusion::Fast;
options.UnsafeFPMath = true;
options.NoInfsFPMath = true;
options.NoNaNsFPMath = true;
options.HonorSignDependentRoundingFPMathOption = false;
options.NoZerosInBSS = false;
options.GuaranteedTailCallOpt = false;
std::unique_ptr<TargetMachine>
target_machine(llvm_target->createTargetMachine(triple.str(),
mcpu_target(), mattrs(), options,
llvm::Reloc::PIC_,
llvm::CodeModel::Small,
CodeGenOpt::Aggressive));
internal_assert(target_machine.get()) << "Could not allocate target machine!";
module->setDataLayout(target_machine->createDataLayout());
// Set up passes
llvm::SmallString<8> outstr;
raw_svector_ostream ostream(outstr);
ostream.SetUnbuffered();
// NVidia's libdevice library uses a __nvvm_reflect to choose
// how to handle denormalized numbers. (The pass replaces calls
// to __nvvm_reflect with a constant via a map lookup. The inliner
// pass then resolves these situations to fast code, often a single
// instruction per decision point.)
//
// The default is (more) IEEE like handling. FTZ mode flushes them
// to zero. (This may only apply to single-precision.)
//
// The libdevice documentation covers other options for math accuracy
// such as replacing division with multiply by the reciprocal and
// use of fused-multiply-add, but they do not seem to be controlled
// by this __nvvvm_reflect mechanism and may be flags to earlier compiler
// passes.
const int kFTZDenorms = 1;
// Insert a module flag for the FTZ handling.
module->addModuleFlag(llvm::Module::Override, "nvvm-reflect-ftz",
kFTZDenorms);
if (kFTZDenorms) {
for (llvm::Function &fn : *module) {
fn.addFnAttr("nvptx-f32ftz", "true");
}
}
const bool do_loop_opt = get_target().has_feature(Target::EnableLLVMLoopOpt);
// Define and run optimization pipeline with new pass manager
PipelineTuningOptions pto;
pto.LoopInterleaving = do_loop_opt;
pto.LoopVectorization = do_loop_opt;
pto.SLPVectorization = true; // Note: SLP vectorization has no analogue in the Halide scheduling model
pto.LoopUnrolling = do_loop_opt;
pto.ForgetAllSCEVInLoopUnroll = true;
llvm::PassBuilder pb(target_machine.get(), pto);
bool debug_pass_manager = false;
// These analysis managers have to be declared in this order.
llvm::LoopAnalysisManager lam;
llvm::FunctionAnalysisManager fam;
llvm::CGSCCAnalysisManager cgam;
llvm::ModuleAnalysisManager mam;
// Register all the basic analyses with the managers.
pb.registerModuleAnalyses(mam);
pb.registerCGSCCAnalyses(cgam);
pb.registerFunctionAnalyses(fam);
pb.registerLoopAnalyses(lam);
pb.crossRegisterProxies(lam, fam, cgam, mam);
ModulePassManager mpm;
using OptimizationLevel = llvm::OptimizationLevel;
OptimizationLevel level = OptimizationLevel::O3;
target_machine->registerPassBuilderCallbacks(pb);
mpm = pb.buildPerModuleDefaultPipeline(level, debug_pass_manager);
mpm.run(*module, mam);
if (llvm::verifyModule(*module, &errs())) {
report_fatal_error("Transformation resulted in an invalid module\n");
}
// Optimization pipeline completed; run codegen pipeline
// NOTE: use of the "legacy" PassManager here is still required; it is deprecated
// for optimization, but is still the only complete API for codegen as of work-in-progress
// LLVM14. At the time of this comment (Dec 2021), there is no firm plan as to when codegen will
// be fully available in the new PassManager, so don't worry about this 'legacy'
// tag until there's any indication that the old APIs start breaking.
//
// See:
// https://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2021-April/150100.html
// https://releases.llvm.org/13.0.0/docs/ReleaseNotes.html#changes-to-the-llvm-ir
// https://groups.google.com/g/llvm-dev/c/HoS07gXx0p8
legacy::PassManager module_pass_manager;
module_pass_manager.add(createTargetTransformInfoWrapperPass(target_machine->getTargetIRAnalysis()));
// Override default to generate verbose assembly.
target_machine->Options.MCOptions.AsmVerbose = true;
// Output string stream
// Ask the target to add backend passes as necessary.
bool fail = target_machine->addPassesToEmitFile(module_pass_manager, ostream, nullptr,
::llvm::CGFT_AssemblyFile,
true);
internal_assert(!fail) << "Failed to set up passes to emit PTX source\n";
module_pass_manager.run(*module);
// Codegen pipeline completed.
if (debug::debug_level() >= 2) {
dump();
}
debug(2) << "Done with CodeGen_PTX_Dev::compile_to_src";
debug(1) << "PTX kernel:\n"
<< outstr.c_str() << "\n";
vector<char> buffer(outstr.begin(), outstr.end());
// Dump the SASS too if the cuda SDK is in the path
if (debug::debug_level() >= 2) {
debug(2) << "Compiling PTX to SASS. Will fail if CUDA SDK is not installed (and in the path).\n";
TemporaryFile ptx(get_current_kernel_name(), ".ptx");
TemporaryFile sass(get_current_kernel_name(), ".sass");
std::ofstream f(ptx.pathname());
f.write(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
f.close();
string cmd = "ptxas --gpu-name " + mcpu_target() + " " + ptx.pathname() + " -o " + sass.pathname();
if (system(cmd.c_str()) == 0) {
cmd = "nvdisasm " + sass.pathname();
int ret = system(cmd.c_str());
(void)ret; // Don't care if it fails
}
// Note: It works to embed the contents of the .sass file in
// the buffer instead of the ptx source, and this could help
// with app startup times. Expose via the target?
/*
{
std::ifstream f(sass.pathname());
buffer.clear();
f.seekg(0, std::ios_base::end);
std::streampos sz = f.tellg();
buffer.resize(sz);
f.seekg(0, std::ios_base::beg);
f.read(buffer.data(), sz);
}
*/
}
// Null-terminate the ptx source
buffer.push_back(0);
return buffer;
}
int CodeGen_PTX_Dev::native_vector_bits() const {
// PTX doesn't really do vectorization. The widest type is a double.
return 64;
}
string CodeGen_PTX_Dev::get_current_kernel_name() {
return get_llvm_function_name(function);
}
void CodeGen_PTX_Dev::dump() {
module->print(dbgs(), nullptr, false, true);
}
std::string CodeGen_PTX_Dev::print_gpu_name(const std::string &name) {
return name;
}
bool CodeGen_PTX_Dev::supports_atomic_add(const Type &t) const {
if (t.bits() < 32) {
// TODO: Half atomics are supported by compute capability 7.x or higher.
return false;
}
if (t.is_int_or_uint()) {
return true;
}
if (t.is_float() && t.bits() == 32) {
return true;
}
if (t.is_float() && t.bits() == 64) {
// double atomics are supported since CC6.1
return target.get_cuda_capability_lower_bound() >= 61;
}
return false;
}
} // namespace
std::unique_ptr<CodeGen_GPU_Dev> new_CodeGen_PTX_Dev(const Target &target) {
return std::make_unique<CodeGen_PTX_Dev>(target);
}
#else // WITH_PTX
std::unique_ptr<CodeGen_GPU_Dev> new_CodeGen_PTX_Dev(const Target &target) {
user_error << "PTX not enabled for this build of Halide.\n";
return nullptr;
}
#endif // WITH_PTX
} // namespace Internal
} // namespace Halide