\name{Formula manipulation} \alias{simplify.formula} \alias{expand.formula} \encoding{utf-8} \title{Manipulate model formulas} \description{ \code{simplify.formula} rewrites a \code{formula} using shorthand notation. Currently only the factor crossing operator \code{*} is applied, so that expanded expression such as \code{a+b+a:b} becomes \code{a*b}. \code{expand.formula} does the opposite, additionally expanding other expressions, i.e. all nesting (\code{/}), grouping and \code{^}. } \usage{ simplify.formula(x) expand.formula(x) } \arguments{ \item{x}{a \code{formula} or an object from which it can be extracted (such as a fitted model object). } } \author{Kamil Barto\enc{ń}{n}} \examples{ simplify.formula(y ~ a + b + a:b + (c + b)^2) simplify.formula(y ~ a + b + a:b + 0) expand.formula(~ a * b) } \keyword{manip}