# Make CRAN check not complain about "." and package data
if (getRversion() >= "2.15.1") utils::globalVariables(c(".",
                                                        "element",
                                                        "nlcd_tiles",
                                                        "nlcd_landcover_pam",
                                                        "nlcd_canopy_pam",
                                                        "nlcd_impervious_pam",
                                                        "daymet_tiles"))

#' Install and load a package.
#'
#'This is a convenience function that checks whether a package is installed, and if not, installs it.
#'
#' @param x A character string representing the name of a package.
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
pkg_test <- function(x) {
    if (grepl("/", x)) {
        pkgName <- basename(x)
    } else {
        pkgName <- x
    }
    if (!suppressWarnings(require(pkgName, character.only = TRUE))) {
        if (grepl("/", x)) {
            suppressWarnings(devtools::install_github(x))
        } else {
            utils::install.packages(x, dependencies = TRUE, repos = "http://cran.rstudio.com")
        }
    }
    if (!suppressWarnings(require(pkgName, character.only = TRUE))) 
        stop("Package not found")
}

#'Get the rightmost 'n' characters of a character string.
#'
#' @param x A character string.
#' @param n The number of characters to retrieve.
#' @return A character string.
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
substr_right <- function(x, n) {
    substr(x, nchar(x) - n + 1, nchar(x))
}

#'Turn an extent object into a polygon
#'
#' @param x An \code{\link{extent}} object, or an object from which an extent object can be retrieved.
#' @param proj4string A PROJ.4 formatted string defining the required projection. If NULL, 
#' the function will attempt to get the projection from x using \code{\link{projection}}
#' @return A SpatialPolygons object.
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
polygon_from_extent <- function(x, proj4string = NULL) {
    if (is.null(proj4string)) {
        proj4string <- raster::projection(x)
    }
    
    if (class(x) != "extent") {
        x <- raster::extent(x)
    }
    
    extent.matrix <- rbind(c(x@xmin, x@ymin), c(x@xmin, x@ymax), c(x@xmax, x@ymax), c(x@xmax, x@ymin), c(x@xmin, x@ymin))  # clockwise, 5 points to close it
    extent.SP <- sp::SpatialPolygons(list(sp::Polygons(list(sp::Polygon(extent.matrix)), "extent")), proj4string = sp::CRS(proj4string))
    return(extent.SP)
}

#'Turn a SpatialPolygons object into a SpatialPolygonsDataFrame.
#'
#' @param x An SpatialPolygons object.
#' @return A SpatialPolygonsDataFrame object.
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
spdf_from_polygon <- function(x) {
    IDs <- sapply((methods::slot(x, "polygons")), function(x) {
        methods::slot(x, "ID")
    })
    df <- data.frame(rep(0, length(IDs)), row.names = IDs)
    x <- sp::SpatialPolygonsDataFrame(x, df)
    return(x)
}

#'Get a logical vector of which elements in a vector are sequentially duplicated.
#'
#' @param x An vector of any type, or, if \code{rows}, a matrix.
#' @param rows Is x a matrix?
#' @return A logical vector of the same length as x.
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
sequential_duplicated <- function(x, rows = F) {
    if (!rows) {
        duplicates <- c(FALSE, unlist(lapply(1:(length(x) - 1), function(i) {
            duplicated(x[i:(i + 1)])[2]
        })))
    } else {
        duplicates <- c(FALSE, unlist(lapply(1:(nrow(x) - 1), function(i) {
            duplicated(x[i:(i + 1), ])[2]
        })))
    }
    return(duplicates)
}

#'Unwraps a matrix and only keep the first n elements.
#'
#'A function that unwraps a matrix and only keeps the first n elements
#' n can be either a constant (in which case it will be repeated), or a vector
#' @param mat A matrix
#' @param n A numeric vector
#' @return A logical vector of the same length as x
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
unwrap_rows <- function(mat, n) {
    n <- rep_len(n, nrow(mat))
    i <- 0
    out <- lapply(1:nrow(mat), function(i) {
        return(mat[i, 1:n[i]])
    })
    return(as.numeric(do.call(c, out)))
}


#' Use curl to download a file.
#'
#' This function makes it easy to implement timestamping and no-clobber of files.
#'
#' If both \code{timestamping} and \code{nc} are TRUE, nc behavior trumps timestamping.
#'
#' @param url The location of a file.
#' @param destdir Where the file should be downloaded to.
#' @param timestamping Should only newer files be downloaded?
#' @param nc Should files of the same type not be clobbered?
#' @param verbose Should cURL output be shown?
#' @param progress Should a progress bar be shown with cURL output?
#' @return A character string of the file path to the downloaded file.
#' @export
#' @keywords internal
download_data <- function(url, destdir = getwd(), timestamping = T, nc = F, verbose = F, progress = F) {
    
    destdir <- normalizePath(paste0(destdir,"/."))
    destfile <- paste0(destdir, "/", basename(url))
    temp.file <- paste0(tempdir(), "/", basename(url))
    
    if (nc & file.exists(destfile)){
      message("Local file exists. Returning.")
      return(destfile)
    } else if (timestamping & file.exists(destfile)) {
        message("Downloading file (if necessary): ", url)
        opts <- list(verbose = verbose, noprogress = !progress, fresh_connect = TRUE, ftp_use_epsv = FALSE, forbid_reuse = TRUE, 
            timecondition = TRUE, timevalue = base::file.info(destfile)$mtime)
        hand <- curl::new_handle()
        curl::handle_setopt(hand, .list = opts)
        tryCatch(status <- curl::curl_fetch_disk(url, path = temp.file, handle = hand),
                 error = function(e) {
          message("Download of ", 
            url, " failed. Reverting to already cached file.")
          return(destfile)
          })
        
        if (file.info(temp.file)$size > 0) {
            file.copy(temp.file, destfile, overwrite = T)
        }
        return(destfile)
    } else {
        message("Downloading file: ", url)
        opts <- list(verbose = verbose,
                     noprogress = !progress,
                     fresh_connect = TRUE,
                     ftp_use_epsv = FALSE,
                     forbid_reuse = TRUE)
        hand <- curl::new_handle()
        curl::handle_setopt(hand, .list = opts)
        tryCatch(status <- curl::curl_fetch_disk(url,
                                                 path = destfile,
                                                 handle = hand),
                 error = function(e) stop("Download of ", url, " failed!"))
        return(destfile)
    }
    return(destfile)
}