zipfile.py
"Read and write ZIP files."
import struct, os, time
import binascii
try:
import zlib # We may need its compression method
except ImportError:
zlib = None
__all__ = ["BadZipfile", "error", "ZIP_STORED", "ZIP_DEFLATED", "is_zipfile",
"ZipInfo", "ZipFile", "PyZipFile"]
class BadZipfile(Exception):
pass
error = BadZipfile # The exception raised by this module
# constants for Zip file compression methods
ZIP_STORED = 0
ZIP_DEFLATED = 8
# Other ZIP compression methods not supported
# Here are some struct module formats for reading headers
structEndArchive = "<4s4H2lH" # 9 items, end of archive, 22 bytes
stringEndArchive = "PK\005\006" # magic number for end of archive record
structCentralDir = "<4s4B4HlLL5HLl"# 19 items, central directory, 46 bytes
stringCentralDir = "PK\001\002" # magic number for central directory
structFileHeader = "<4s2B4HlLL2H" # 12 items, file header record, 30 bytes
stringFileHeader = "PK\003\004" # magic number for file header
# indexes of entries in the central directory structure
_CD_SIGNATURE = 0
_CD_CREATE_VERSION = 1
_CD_CREATE_SYSTEM = 2
_CD_EXTRACT_VERSION = 3
_CD_EXTRACT_SYSTEM = 4 # is this meaningful?
_CD_FLAG_BITS = 5
_CD_COMPRESS_TYPE = 6
_CD_TIME = 7
_CD_DATE = 8
_CD_CRC = 9
_CD_COMPRESSED_SIZE = 10
_CD_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE = 11
_CD_FILENAME_LENGTH = 12
_CD_EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH = 13
_CD_COMMENT_LENGTH = 14
_CD_DISK_NUMBER_START = 15
_CD_INTERNAL_FILE_ATTRIBUTES = 16
_CD_EXTERNAL_FILE_ATTRIBUTES = 17
_CD_LOCAL_HEADER_OFFSET = 18
# indexes of entries in the local file header structure
_FH_SIGNATURE = 0
_FH_EXTRACT_VERSION = 1
_FH_EXTRACT_SYSTEM = 2 # is this meaningful?
_FH_GENERAL_PURPOSE_FLAG_BITS = 3
_FH_COMPRESSION_METHOD = 4
_FH_LAST_MOD_TIME = 5
_FH_LAST_MOD_DATE = 6
_FH_CRC = 7
_FH_COMPRESSED_SIZE = 8
_FH_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE = 9
_FH_FILENAME_LENGTH = 10
_FH_EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH = 11
def is_zipfile(filename):
"""Quickly see if file is a ZIP file by checking the magic number."""
try:
fpin = open(filename, "rb")
endrec = _EndRecData(fpin)
fpin.close()
if endrec:
return True # file has correct magic number
except IOError:
pass
return False
def _EndRecData(fpin):
"""Return data from the "End of Central Directory" record, or None.
The data is a list of the nine items in the ZIP "End of central dir"
record followed by a tenth item, the file seek offset of this record."""
fpin.seek(-22, 2) # Assume no archive comment.
filesize = fpin.tell() + 22 # Get file size
data = fpin.read()
if data[0:4] == stringEndArchive and data[-2:] == "\000\000":
endrec = struct.unpack(structEndArchive, data)
endrec = list(endrec)
endrec.append("") # Append the archive comment
endrec.append(filesize - 22) # Append the record start offset
return endrec
# Search the last END_BLOCK bytes of the file for the record signature.
# The comment is appended to the ZIP file and has a 16 bit length.
# So the comment may be up to 64K long. We limit the search for the
# signature to a few Kbytes at the end of the file for efficiency.
# also, the signature must not appear in the comment.
END_BLOCK = min(filesize, 1024 * 4)
fpin.seek(filesize - END_BLOCK, 0)
data = fpin.read()
start = data.rfind(stringEndArchive)
if start >= 0: # Correct signature string was found
endrec = struct.unpack(structEndArchive, data[start:start+22])
endrec = list(endrec)
comment = data[start+22:]
if endrec[7] == len(comment): # Comment length checks out
# Append the archive comment and start offset
endrec.append(comment)
endrec.append(filesize - END_BLOCK + start)
return endrec
return # Error, return None
class ZipInfo:
"""Class with attributes describing each file in the ZIP archive."""
def __init__(self, filename="NoName", date_time=(1980,1,1,0,0,0)):
self.orig_filename = filename # Original file name in archive
# Terminate the file name at the first null byte. Null bytes in file
# names are used as tricks by viruses in archives.
null_byte = filename.find(chr(0))
if null_byte >= 0:
filename = filename[0:null_byte]
# This is used to ensure paths in generated ZIP files always use
# forward slashes as the directory separator, as required by the
# ZIP format specification.
if os.sep != "/":
filename = filename.replace(os.sep, "/")
self.filename = filename # Normalized file name
self.date_time = date_time # year, month, day, hour, min, sec
# Standard values:
self.compress_type = ZIP_STORED # Type of compression for the file
self.comment = "" # Comment for each file
self.extra = "" # ZIP extra data
self.create_system = 0 # System which created ZIP archive
self.create_version = 20 # Version which created ZIP archive
self.extract_version = 20 # Version needed to extract archive
self.reserved = 0 # Must be zero
self.flag_bits = 0 # ZIP flag bits
self.volume = 0 # Volume number of file header
self.internal_attr = 0 # Internal attributes
self.external_attr = 0 # External file attributes
# Other attributes are set by class ZipFile:
# header_offset Byte offset to the file header
# file_offset Byte offset to the start of the file data
# CRC CRC-32 of the uncompressed file
# compress_size Size of the compressed file
# file_size Size of the uncompressed file
def FileHeader(self):
"""Return the per-file header as a string."""
dt = self.date_time
dosdate = (dt[0] - 1980) << 9 | dt[1] << 5 | dt[2]
dostime = dt[3] << 11 | dt[4] << 5 | (dt[5] // 2)
if self.flag_bits & 0x08:
# Set these to zero because we write them after the file data
CRC = compress_size = file_size = 0
else:
CRC = self.CRC
compress_size = self.compress_size
file_size = self.file_size
header = struct.pack(structFileHeader, stringFileHeader,
self.extract_version, self.reserved, self.flag_bits,
self.compress_type, dostime, dosdate, CRC,
compress_size, file_size,
len(self.filename), len(self.extra))
return header + self.filename + self.extra
class ZipFile:
""" Class with methods to open, read, write, close, list zip files.
z = ZipFile(file, mode="r", compression=ZIP_STORED)
file: Either the path to the file, or a file-like object.
If it is a path, the file will be opened and closed by ZipFile.
mode: The mode can be either read "r", write "w" or append "a".
compression: ZIP_STORED (no compression) or ZIP_DEFLATED (requires zlib).
"""
fp = None # Set here since __del__ checks it
def __init__(self, file, mode="r", compression=ZIP_STORED):
"""Open the ZIP file with mode read "r", write "w" or append "a"."""
if compression == ZIP_STORED:
pass
elif compression == ZIP_DEFLATED:
if not zlib:
raise RuntimeError,\
"Compression requires the (missing) zlib module"
else:
raise RuntimeError, "That compression method is not supported"
self.debug = 0 # Level of printing: 0 through 3
self.NameToInfo = {} # Find file info given name
self.filelist = [] # List of ZipInfo instances for archive
self.compression = compression # Method of compression
self.mode = key = mode[0]
# Check if we were passed a file-like object
if isinstance(file, basestring):
self._filePassed = 0
self.filename = file
modeDict = {'r' : 'rb', 'w': 'wb', 'a' : 'r+b'}
self.fp = open(file, modeDict[mode])
else:
self._filePassed = 1
self.fp = file
self.filename = getattr(file, 'name', None)
if key == 'r':
self._GetContents()
elif key == 'w':
pass
elif key == 'a':
try: # See if file is a zip file
self._RealGetContents()
# seek to start of directory and overwrite
self.fp.seek(self.start_dir, 0)
except BadZipfile: # file is not a zip file, just append
self.fp.seek(0, 2)
else:
if not self._filePassed:
self.fp.close()
self.fp = None
raise RuntimeError, 'Mode must be "r", "w" or "a"'
def _GetContents(self):
"""Read the directory, making sure we close the file if the format
is bad."""
try:
self._RealGetContents()
except BadZipfile:
if not self._filePassed:
self.fp.close()
self.fp = None
raise
def _RealGetContents(self):
"""Read in the table of contents for the ZIP file."""
fp = self.fp
endrec = _EndRecData(fp)
if not endrec:
raise BadZipfile, "File is not a zip file"
if self.debug > 1:
print endrec
size_cd = endrec[5] # bytes in central directory
offset_cd = endrec[6] # offset of central directory
self.comment = endrec[8] # archive comment
# endrec[9] is the offset of the "End of Central Dir" record
x = endrec[9] - size_cd
# "concat" is zero, unless zip was concatenated to another file
concat = x - offset_cd
if self.debug > 2:
print "given, inferred, offset", offset_cd, x, concat
# self.start_dir: Position of start of central directory
self.start_dir = offset_cd + concat
fp.seek(self.start_dir, 0)
total = 0
while total < size_cd:
centdir = fp.read(46)
total = total + 46
if centdir[0:4] != stringCentralDir:
raise BadZipfile, "Bad magic number for central directory"
centdir = struct.unpack(structCentralDir, centdir)
if self.debug > 2:
print centdir
filename = fp.read(centdir[_CD_FILENAME_LENGTH])
# Create ZipInfo instance to store file information
x = ZipInfo(filename)
x.extra = fp.read(centdir[_CD_EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH])
x.comment = fp.read(centdir[_CD_COMMENT_LENGTH])
total = (total + centdir[_CD_FILENAME_LENGTH]
+ centdir[_CD_EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH]
+ centdir[_CD_COMMENT_LENGTH])
x.header_offset = centdir[_CD_LOCAL_HEADER_OFFSET] + concat
# file_offset must be computed below...
(x.create_version, x.create_system, x.extract_version, x.reserved,
x.flag_bits, x.compress_type, t, d,
x.CRC, x.compress_size, x.file_size) = centdir[1:12]
x.volume, x.internal_attr, x.external_attr = centdir[15:18]
# Convert date/time code to (year, month, day, hour, min, sec)
x.date_time = ( (d>>9)+1980, (d>>5)&0xF, d&0x1F,
t>>11, (t>>5)&0x3F, (t&0x1F) * 2 )
self.filelist.append(x)
self.NameToInfo[x.filename] = x
if self.debug > 2:
print "total", total
for data in self.filelist:
fp.seek(data.header_offset, 0)
fheader = fp.read(30)
if fheader[0:4] != stringFileHeader:
raise BadZipfile, "Bad magic number for file header"
fheader = struct.unpack(structFileHeader, fheader)
# file_offset is computed here, since the extra field for
# the central directory and for the local file header
# refer to different fields, and they can have different
# lengths
data.file_offset = (data.header_offset + 30
+ fheader[_FH_FILENAME_LENGTH]
+ fheader[_FH_EXTRA_FIELD_LENGTH])
fname = fp.read(fheader[_FH_FILENAME_LENGTH])
if fname != data.orig_filename:
raise RuntimeError, \
'File name in directory "%s" and header "%s" differ.' % (
data.orig_filename, fname)
def namelist(self):
"""Return a list of file names in the archive."""
l = []
for data in self.filelist:
l.append(data.filename)
return l
def infolist(self):
"""Return a list of class ZipInfo instances for files in the
archive."""
return self.filelist
def printdir(self):
"""Print a table of contents for the zip file."""
print "%-46s %19s %12s" % ("File Name", "Modified ", "Size")
for zinfo in self.filelist:
date = "%d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d" % zinfo.date_time
print "%-46s %s %12d" % (zinfo.filename, date, zinfo.file_size)
def testzip(self):
"""Read all the files and check the CRC."""
for zinfo in self.filelist:
try:
self.read(zinfo.filename) # Check CRC-32
except BadZipfile:
return zinfo.filename
def getinfo(self, name):
"""Return the instance of ZipInfo given 'name'."""
return self.NameToInfo[name]
def read(self, name):
"""Return file bytes (as a string) for name."""
if self.mode not in ("r", "a"):
raise RuntimeError, 'read() requires mode "r" or "a"'
if not self.fp:
raise RuntimeError, \
"Attempt to read ZIP archive that was already closed"
zinfo = self.getinfo(name)
filepos = self.fp.tell()
self.fp.seek(zinfo.file_offset, 0)
bytes = self.fp.read(zinfo.compress_size)
self.fp.seek(filepos, 0)
if zinfo.compress_type == ZIP_STORED:
pass
elif zinfo.compress_type == ZIP_DEFLATED:
if not zlib:
raise RuntimeError, \
"De-compression requires the (missing) zlib module"
# zlib compress/decompress code by Jeremy Hylton of CNRI
dc = zlib.decompressobj(-15)
bytes = dc.decompress(bytes)
# need to feed in unused pad byte so that zlib won't choke
ex = dc.decompress('Z') + dc.flush()
if ex:
bytes = bytes + ex
else:
raise BadZipfile, \
"Unsupported compression method %d for file %s" % \
(zinfo.compress_type, name)
crc = binascii.crc32(bytes)
if crc != zinfo.CRC:
raise BadZipfile, "Bad CRC-32 for file %s" % name
return bytes
def _writecheck(self, zinfo):
"""Check for errors before writing a file to the archive."""
if zinfo.filename in self.NameToInfo:
if self.debug: # Warning for duplicate names
print "Duplicate name:", zinfo.filename
if self.mode not in ("w", "a"):
raise RuntimeError, 'write() requires mode "w" or "a"'
if not self.fp:
raise RuntimeError, \
"Attempt to write ZIP archive that was already closed"
if zinfo.compress_type == ZIP_DEFLATED and not zlib:
raise RuntimeError, \
"Compression requires the (missing) zlib module"
if zinfo.compress_type not in (ZIP_STORED, ZIP_DEFLATED):
raise RuntimeError, \
"That compression method is not supported"
def write(self, filename, arcname=None, compress_type=None):
"""Put the bytes from filename into the archive under the name
arcname."""
st = os.stat(filename)
mtime = time.localtime(st.st_mtime)
date_time = mtime[0:6]
# Create ZipInfo instance to store file information
if arcname is None:
zinfo = ZipInfo(filename, date_time)
else:
zinfo = ZipInfo(arcname, date_time)
zinfo.external_attr = st[0] << 16L # Unix attributes
if compress_type is None:
zinfo.compress_type = self.compression
else:
zinfo.compress_type = compress_type
self._writecheck(zinfo)
fp = open(filename, "rb")
zinfo.flag_bits = 0x00
zinfo.header_offset = self.fp.tell() # Start of header bytes
# Must overwrite CRC and sizes with correct data later
zinfo.CRC = CRC = 0
zinfo.compress_size = compress_size = 0
zinfo.file_size = file_size = 0
self.fp.write(zinfo.FileHeader())
zinfo.file_offset = self.fp.tell() # Start of file bytes
if zinfo.compress_type == ZIP_DEFLATED:
cmpr = zlib.compressobj(zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,
zlib.DEFLATED, -15)
else:
cmpr = None
while 1:
buf = fp.read(1024 * 8)
if not buf:
break
file_size = file_size + len(buf)
CRC = binascii.crc32(buf, CRC)
if cmpr:
buf = cmpr.compress(buf)
compress_size = compress_size + len(buf)
self.fp.write(buf)
fp.close()
if cmpr:
buf = cmpr.flush()
compress_size = compress_size + len(buf)
self.fp.write(buf)
zinfo.compress_size = compress_size
else:
zinfo.compress_size = file_size
zinfo.CRC = CRC
zinfo.file_size = file_size
# Seek backwards and write CRC and file sizes
position = self.fp.tell() # Preserve current position in file
self.fp.seek(zinfo.header_offset + 14, 0)
self.fp.write(struct.pack("<lLL", zinfo.CRC, zinfo.compress_size,
zinfo.file_size))
self.fp.seek(position, 0)
self.filelist.append(zinfo)
self.NameToInfo[zinfo.filename] = zinfo
def writestr(self, zinfo_or_arcname, bytes):
"""Write a file into the archive. The contents is the string
'bytes'. 'zinfo_or_arcname' is either a ZipInfo instance or
the name of the file in the archive."""
if not isinstance(zinfo_or_arcname, ZipInfo):
zinfo = ZipInfo(filename=zinfo_or_arcname,
date_time=time.localtime(time.time()))
zinfo.compress_type = self.compression
else:
zinfo = zinfo_or_arcname
self._writecheck(zinfo)
zinfo.file_size = len(bytes) # Uncompressed size
zinfo.CRC = binascii.crc32(bytes) # CRC-32 checksum
if zinfo.compress_type == ZIP_DEFLATED:
co = zlib.compressobj(zlib.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,
zlib.DEFLATED, -15)
bytes = co.compress(bytes) + co.flush()
zinfo.compress_size = len(bytes) # Compressed size
else:
zinfo.compress_size = zinfo.file_size
zinfo.header_offset = self.fp.tell() # Start of header bytes
self.fp.write(zinfo.FileHeader())
zinfo.file_offset = self.fp.tell() # Start of file bytes
self.fp.write(bytes)
if zinfo.flag_bits & 0x08:
# Write CRC and file sizes after the file data
self.fp.write(struct.pack("<lLL", zinfo.CRC, zinfo.compress_size,
zinfo.file_size))
self.filelist.append(zinfo)
self.NameToInfo[zinfo.filename] = zinfo
def __del__(self):
"""Call the "close()" method in case the user forgot."""
self.close()
def close(self):
"""Close the file, and for mode "w" and "a" write the ending
records."""
if self.fp is None:
return
if self.mode in ("w", "a"): # write ending records
count = 0
pos1 = self.fp.tell()
for zinfo in self.filelist: # write central directory
count = count + 1
dt = zinfo.date_time
dosdate = (dt[0] - 1980) << 9 | dt[1] << 5 | dt[2]
dostime = dt[3] << 11 | dt[4] << 5 | (dt[5] // 2)
centdir = struct.pack(structCentralDir,
stringCentralDir, zinfo.create_version,
zinfo.create_system, zinfo.extract_version, zinfo.reserved,
zinfo.flag_bits, zinfo.compress_type, dostime, dosdate,
zinfo.CRC, zinfo.compress_size, zinfo.file_size,
len(zinfo.filename), len(zinfo.extra), len(zinfo.comment),
0, zinfo.internal_attr, zinfo.external_attr,
zinfo.header_offset)
self.fp.write(centdir)
self.fp.write(zinfo.filename)
self.fp.write(zinfo.extra)
self.fp.write(zinfo.comment)
pos2 = self.fp.tell()
# Write end-of-zip-archive record
endrec = struct.pack(structEndArchive, stringEndArchive,
0, 0, count, count, pos2 - pos1, pos1, 0)
self.fp.write(endrec)
self.fp.flush()
if not self._filePassed:
self.fp.close()
self.fp = None
class PyZipFile(ZipFile):
"""Class to create ZIP archives with Python library files and packages."""
def writepy(self, pathname, basename = ""):
"""Add all files from "pathname" to the ZIP archive.
If pathname is a package directory, search the directory and
all package subdirectories recursively for all *.py and enter
the modules into the archive. If pathname is a plain
directory, listdir *.py and enter all modules. Else, pathname
must be a Python *.py file and the module will be put into the
archive. Added modules are always module.pyo or module.pyc.
This method will compile the module.py into module.pyc if
necessary.
"""
dir, name = os.path.split(pathname)
if os.path.isdir(pathname):
initname = os.path.join(pathname, "__init__.py")
if os.path.isfile(initname):
# This is a package directory, add it
if basename:
basename = "%s/%s" % (basename, name)
else:
basename = name
if self.debug:
print "Adding package in", pathname, "as", basename
fname, arcname = self._get_codename(initname[0:-3], basename)
if self.debug:
print "Adding", arcname
self.write(fname, arcname)
dirlist = os.listdir(pathname)
dirlist.remove("__init__.py")
# Add all *.py files and package subdirectories
for filename in dirlist:
path = os.path.join(pathname, filename)
root, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
if os.path.isdir(path):
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, "__init__.py")):
# This is a package directory, add it
self.writepy(path, basename) # Recursive call
elif ext == ".py":
fname, arcname = self._get_codename(path[0:-3],
basename)
if self.debug:
print "Adding", arcname
self.write(fname, arcname)
else:
# This is NOT a package directory, add its files at top level
if self.debug:
print "Adding files from directory", pathname
for filename in os.listdir(pathname):
path = os.path.join(pathname, filename)
root, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
if ext == ".py":
fname, arcname = self._get_codename(path[0:-3],
basename)
if self.debug:
print "Adding", arcname
self.write(fname, arcname)
else:
if pathname[-3:] != ".py":
raise RuntimeError, \
'Files added with writepy() must end with ".py"'
fname, arcname = self._get_codename(pathname[0:-3], basename)
if self.debug:
print "Adding file", arcname
self.write(fname, arcname)
def _get_codename(self, pathname, basename):
"""Return (filename, archivename) for the path.
Given a module name path, return the correct file path and
archive name, compiling if necessary. For example, given
/python/lib/string, return (/python/lib/string.pyc, string).
"""
file_py = pathname + ".py"
file_pyc = pathname + ".pyc"
file_pyo = pathname + ".pyo"
if os.path.isfile(file_pyo) and \
os.stat(file_pyo).st_mtime >= os.stat(file_py).st_mtime:
fname = file_pyo # Use .pyo file
elif not os.path.isfile(file_pyc) or \
os.stat(file_pyc).st_mtime < os.stat(file_py).st_mtime:
import py_compile
if self.debug:
print "Compiling", file_py
try:
py_compile.compile(file_py, file_pyc, None, True)
except py_compile.PyCompileError,err:
print err.msg
fname = file_pyc
else:
fname = file_pyc
archivename = os.path.split(fname)[1]
if basename:
archivename = "%s/%s" % (basename, archivename)
return (fname, archivename)
