% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
% Please edit documentation in R/group-by.r
\name{group_by}
\alias{group_by}
\alias{ungroup}
\title{Group by one or more variables}
\usage{
group_by(.data, ..., .add = FALSE, .drop = group_by_drop_default(.data))

ungroup(x, ...)
}
\arguments{
\item{.data}{A data frame, data frame extension (e.g. a tibble), or a
lazy data frame (e.g. from dbplyr or dtplyr). See \emph{Methods}, below, for
more details.}

\item{...}{In \code{group_by()}, variables or computations to group by.
In \code{ungroup()}, variables to remove from the grouping.}

\item{.add}{When \code{FALSE}, the default, \code{group_by()} will
override existing groups. To add to the existing groups, use
\code{.add = TRUE}.

This argument was previously called \code{add}, but that prevented
creating a new grouping variable called \code{add}, and conflicts with
our naming conventions.}

\item{.drop}{When \code{.drop = TRUE}, empty groups are dropped. See \code{\link[=group_by_drop_default]{group_by_drop_default()}} for
what the default value is for this argument.}

\item{x}{A \code{\link[=tbl]{tbl()}}}
}
\value{
A \link[=grouped_df]{grouped data frame}, unless the combination of \code{...} and \code{add}
yields a non empty set of grouping columns, a regular (ungrouped) data frame
otherwise.
}
\description{
Most data operations are done on groups defined by variables.
\code{group_by()} takes an existing tbl and converts it into a grouped tbl
where operations are performed "by group". \code{ungroup()} removes grouping.
}
\section{Methods}{

These function are \strong{generic}s, which means that packages can provide
implementations (methods) for other classes. See the documentation of
individual methods for extra arguments and differences in behaviour.

Methods available in currently loaded packages:
\itemize{
\item \code{group_by()}: \Sexpr[stage=render,results=rd]{dplyr:::methods_rd("group_by")}.
\item \code{ungroup()}: \Sexpr[stage=render,results=rd]{dplyr:::methods_rd("ungroup")}.
}
}

\examples{
by_cyl <- mtcars \%>\% group_by(cyl)

# grouping doesn't change how the data looks (apart from listing
# how it's grouped):
by_cyl

# It changes how it acts with the other dplyr verbs:
by_cyl \%>\% summarise(
  disp = mean(disp),
  hp = mean(hp)
)
by_cyl \%>\% filter(disp == max(disp))

# Each call to summarise() removes a layer of grouping
by_vs_am <- mtcars \%>\% group_by(vs, am)
by_vs <- by_vs_am \%>\% summarise(n = n())
by_vs
by_vs \%>\% summarise(n = sum(n))

# To removing grouping, use ungroup
by_vs \%>\%
  ungroup() \%>\%
  summarise(n = sum(n))

# You can group by expressions: this is just short-hand for
# a mutate() followed by a group_by()
mtcars \%>\% group_by(vsam = vs + am)

# By default, group_by() overrides existing grouping
by_cyl \%>\%
  group_by(vs, am) \%>\%
  group_vars()

# Use add = TRUE to instead append
by_cyl \%>\%
  group_by(vs, am, .add = TRUE) \%>\%
  group_vars()


# when factors are involved, groups can be empty
tbl <- tibble(
  x = 1:10,
  y = factor(rep(c("a", "c"), each  = 5), levels = c("a", "b", "c"))
)
tbl \%>\%
  group_by(y) \%>\%
  group_rows()

}
\seealso{
Other grouping functions: 
\code{\link{group_map}()},
\code{\link{group_nest}()},
\code{\link{group_split}()},
\code{\link{group_trim}()}
}
\concept{grouping functions}