https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia
Tip revision: 223e40f33c4fd16e100231dbef63d810497132fe authored by Yichao Yu on 22 November 2016, 14:29:50 UTC
More robust fenv_constants
More robust fenv_constants
Tip revision: 223e40f
float.jl
# This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: http://julialang.org/license
## floating point traits ##
"""
Inf16
Positive infinity of type `Float16`.
"""
const Inf16 = box(Float16,unbox(UInt16,0x7c00))
"""
NaN16
A not-a-number value of type `Float16`.
"""
const NaN16 = box(Float16,unbox(UInt16,0x7e00))
"""
Inf32
Positive infinity of type `Float32`.
"""
const Inf32 = box(Float32,unbox(UInt32,0x7f800000))
"""
NaN32
A not-a-number value of type `Float32`.
"""
const NaN32 = box(Float32,unbox(UInt32,0x7fc00000))
const Inf64 = box(Float64,unbox(UInt64,0x7ff0000000000000))
const NaN64 = box(Float64,unbox(UInt64,0x7ff8000000000000))
"""
Inf
Positive infinity of type `Float64`.
"""
const Inf = Inf64
"""
NaN
A not-a-number value of type `Float64`.
"""
const NaN = NaN64
## conversions to floating-point ##
convert(::Type{Float16}, x::Integer) = convert(Float16, convert(Float32,x))
for t in (Int8,Int16,Int32,Int64,Int128,UInt8,UInt16,UInt32,UInt64,UInt128)
@eval promote_rule(::Type{Float16}, ::Type{$t}) = Float32
end
promote_rule(::Type{Float16}, ::Type{Bool}) = Float16
for t1 in (Float32,Float64)
for st in (Int8,Int16,Int32,Int64)
@eval begin
convert(::Type{$t1},x::($st)) = box($t1,sitofp($t1,unbox($st,x)))
promote_rule(::Type{$t1}, ::Type{$st} ) = $t1
end
end
for ut in (Bool,UInt8,UInt16,UInt32,UInt64)
@eval begin
convert(::Type{$t1},x::($ut)) = box($t1,uitofp($t1,unbox($ut,x)))
promote_rule(::Type{$t1}, ::Type{$ut} ) = $t1
end
end
end
promote_rule(::Type{Float64}, ::Type{UInt128}) = Float64
promote_rule(::Type{Float64}, ::Type{Int128}) = Float64
promote_rule(::Type{Float32}, ::Type{UInt128}) = Float32
promote_rule(::Type{Float32}, ::Type{Int128}) = Float32
function convert(::Type{Float64}, x::UInt128)
x == 0 && return 0.0
n = 128-leading_zeros(x) # ndigits0z(x,2)
if n <= 53
y = ((x % UInt64) << (53-n)) & 0x000f_ffff_ffff_ffff
else
y = ((x >> (n-54)) % UInt64) & 0x001f_ffff_ffff_ffff # keep 1 extra bit
y = (y+1)>>1 # round, ties up (extra leading bit in case of next exponent)
y &= ~UInt64(trailing_zeros(x) == (n-54)) # fix last bit to round to even
end
d = ((n+1022) % UInt64) << 52
reinterpret(Float64, d + y)
end
function convert(::Type{Float64}, x::Int128)
x == 0 && return 0.0
s = ((x >>> 64) % UInt64) & 0x8000_0000_0000_0000 # sign bit
x = abs(x) % UInt128
n = 128-leading_zeros(x) # ndigits0z(x,2)
if n <= 53
y = ((x % UInt64) << (53-n)) & 0x000f_ffff_ffff_ffff
else
y = ((x >> (n-54)) % UInt64) & 0x001f_ffff_ffff_ffff # keep 1 extra bit
y = (y+1)>>1 # round, ties up (extra leading bit in case of next exponent)
y &= ~UInt64(trailing_zeros(x) == (n-54)) # fix last bit to round to even
end
d = ((n+1022) % UInt64) << 52
reinterpret(Float64, s | d + y)
end
function convert(::Type{Float32}, x::UInt128)
x == 0 && return 0f0
n = 128-leading_zeros(x) # ndigits0z(x,2)
if n <= 24
y = ((x % UInt32) << (24-n)) & 0x007f_ffff
else
y = ((x >> (n-25)) % UInt32) & 0x00ff_ffff # keep 1 extra bit
y = (y+one(UInt32))>>1 # round, ties up (extra leading bit in case of next exponent)
y &= ~UInt32(trailing_zeros(x) == (n-25)) # fix last bit to round to even
end
d = ((n+126) % UInt32) << 23
reinterpret(Float32, d + y)
end
function convert(::Type{Float32}, x::Int128)
x == 0 && return 0f0
s = ((x >>> 96) % UInt32) & 0x8000_0000 # sign bit
x = abs(x) % UInt128
n = 128-leading_zeros(x) # ndigits0z(x,2)
if n <= 24
y = ((x % UInt32) << (24-n)) & 0x007f_ffff
else
y = ((x >> (n-25)) % UInt32) & 0x00ff_ffff # keep 1 extra bit
y = (y+one(UInt32))>>1 # round, ties up (extra leading bit in case of next exponent)
y &= ~UInt32(trailing_zeros(x) == (n-25)) # fix last bit to round to even
end
d = ((n+126) % UInt32) << 23
reinterpret(Float32, s | d + y)
end
#convert(::Type{Float16}, x::Float32) = box(Float16,fptrunc(Float16,x))
convert(::Type{Float16}, x::Float64) = convert(Float16, convert(Float32,x))
convert(::Type{Float32}, x::Float64) = box(Float32,fptrunc(Float32,unbox(Float64,x)))
#convert(::Type{Float32}, x::Float16) = box(Float32,fpext(Float32,x))
convert(::Type{Float64}, x::Float16) = convert(Float64, convert(Float32,x))
convert(::Type{Float64}, x::Float32) = box(Float64,fpext(Float64,unbox(Float32,x)))
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::Bool) = convert(Float64, x)
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::Int8) = convert(Float64, x)
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::Int16) = convert(Float64, x)
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::Int32) = convert(Float64, x)
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::Int64) = convert(Float64, x) # LOSSY
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::Int128) = convert(Float64, x) # LOSSY
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::UInt8) = convert(Float64, x)
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::UInt16) = convert(Float64, x)
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::UInt32) = convert(Float64, x)
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::UInt64) = convert(Float64, x) # LOSSY
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::UInt128) = convert(Float64, x) # LOSSY
float(x) = convert(AbstractFloat, x)
# for constructing arrays
float{T<:Number}(::Type{T}) = typeof(float(zero(T)))
for Ti in (Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64)
@eval begin
unsafe_trunc(::Type{$Ti}, x::Float32) = box($Ti,fptosi($Ti,unbox(Float32,x)))
unsafe_trunc(::Type{$Ti}, x::Float64) = box($Ti,fptosi($Ti,unbox(Float64,x)))
end
end
for Ti in (UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64)
@eval begin
unsafe_trunc(::Type{$Ti}, x::Float32) = box($Ti,fptoui($Ti,unbox(Float32,x)))
unsafe_trunc(::Type{$Ti}, x::Float64) = box($Ti,fptoui($Ti,unbox(Float64,x)))
end
end
function unsafe_trunc(::Type{UInt128}, x::Float64)
xu = reinterpret(UInt64,x)
k = Int(xu >> 52) & 0x07ff - 1075
xu = (xu & 0x000f_ffff_ffff_ffff) | 0x0010_0000_0000_0000
if k <= 0
UInt128(xu >> -k)
else
UInt128(xu) << k
end
end
function unsafe_trunc(::Type{Int128}, x::Float64)
copysign(unsafe_trunc(UInt128,x) % Int128, x)
end
function unsafe_trunc(::Type{UInt128}, x::Float32)
xu = reinterpret(UInt32,x)
k = Int(xu >> 23) & 0x00ff - 150
xu = (xu & 0x007f_ffff) | 0x0080_0000
if k <= 0
UInt128(xu >> -k)
else
UInt128(xu) << k
end
end
function unsafe_trunc(::Type{Int128}, x::Float32)
copysign(unsafe_trunc(UInt128,x) % Int128, x)
end
# matches convert methods
# also determines floor, ceil, round
trunc(::Type{Signed}, x::Float32) = trunc(Int,x)
trunc(::Type{Signed}, x::Float64) = trunc(Int,x)
trunc(::Type{Unsigned}, x::Float32) = trunc(UInt,x)
trunc(::Type{Unsigned}, x::Float64) = trunc(UInt,x)
trunc(::Type{Integer}, x::Float32) = trunc(Int,x)
trunc(::Type{Integer}, x::Float64) = trunc(Int,x)
# fallbacks
floor{T<:Integer}(::Type{T}, x::AbstractFloat) = trunc(T,floor(x))
ceil{ T<:Integer}(::Type{T}, x::AbstractFloat) = trunc(T,ceil(x))
round{T<:Integer}(::Type{T}, x::AbstractFloat) = trunc(T,round(x))
trunc(x::Float64) = box(Float64,trunc_llvm(unbox(Float64,x)))
trunc(x::Float32) = box(Float32,trunc_llvm(unbox(Float32,x)))
floor(x::Float64) = box(Float64,floor_llvm(unbox(Float64,x)))
floor(x::Float32) = box(Float32,floor_llvm(unbox(Float32,x)))
ceil(x::Float64) = box(Float64,ceil_llvm(unbox(Float64,x)))
ceil(x::Float32) = box(Float32,ceil_llvm(unbox(Float32,x)))
round(x::Float64) = box(Float64,rint_llvm(unbox(Float64,x)))
round(x::Float32) = box(Float32,rint_llvm(unbox(Float32,x)))
## floating point promotions ##
promote_rule(::Type{Float32}, ::Type{Float16}) = Float32
promote_rule(::Type{Float64}, ::Type{Float16}) = Float64
promote_rule(::Type{Float64}, ::Type{Float32}) = Float64
widen(::Type{Float16}) = Float32
widen(::Type{Float32}) = Float64
_default_type(T::Union{Type{Real},Type{AbstractFloat}}) = Float64
## floating point arithmetic ##
-(x::Float32) = box(Float32,neg_float(unbox(Float32,x)))
-(x::Float64) = box(Float64,neg_float(unbox(Float64,x)))
+(x::Float32, y::Float32) = box(Float32,add_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y)))
+(x::Float64, y::Float64) = box(Float64,add_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y)))
-(x::Float32, y::Float32) = box(Float32,sub_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y)))
-(x::Float64, y::Float64) = box(Float64,sub_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y)))
*(x::Float32, y::Float32) = box(Float32,mul_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y)))
*(x::Float64, y::Float64) = box(Float64,mul_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y)))
/(x::Float32, y::Float32) = box(Float32,div_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y)))
/(x::Float64, y::Float64) = box(Float64,div_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y)))
muladd(x::Float32, y::Float32, z::Float32) = box(Float32,muladd_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y),unbox(Float32,z)))
muladd(x::Float64, y::Float64, z::Float64) = box(Float64,muladd_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y),unbox(Float64,z)))
# TODO: faster floating point div?
# TODO: faster floating point fld?
# TODO: faster floating point mod?
rem(x::Float32, y::Float32) = box(Float32,rem_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y)))
rem(x::Float64, y::Float64) = box(Float64,rem_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y)))
cld{T<:AbstractFloat}(x::T, y::T) = -fld(-x,y)
function mod{T<:AbstractFloat}(x::T, y::T)
r = rem(x,y)
if r == 0
copysign(r,y)
elseif (r > 0) $ (y > 0)
r+y
else
r
end
end
## floating point comparisons ##
==(x::Float32, y::Float32) = eq_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y))
==(x::Float64, y::Float64) = eq_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y))
!=(x::Float32, y::Float32) = ne_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y))
!=(x::Float64, y::Float64) = ne_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y))
<( x::Float32, y::Float32) = lt_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y))
<( x::Float64, y::Float64) = lt_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y))
<=(x::Float32, y::Float32) = le_float(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y))
<=(x::Float64, y::Float64) = le_float(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y))
isequal(x::Float32, y::Float32) = fpiseq(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y))
isequal(x::Float64, y::Float64) = fpiseq(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y))
isless( x::Float32, y::Float32) = fpislt(unbox(Float32,x),unbox(Float32,y))
isless( x::Float64, y::Float64) = fpislt(unbox(Float64,x),unbox(Float64,y))
function cmp(x::AbstractFloat, y::AbstractFloat)
(isnan(x) || isnan(y)) && throw(DomainError())
ifelse(x<y, -1, ifelse(x>y, 1, 0))
end
function cmp(x::Real, y::AbstractFloat)
isnan(y) && throw(DomainError())
ifelse(x<y, -1, ifelse(x>y, 1, 0))
end
function cmp(x::AbstractFloat, y::Real)
isnan(x) && throw(DomainError())
ifelse(x<y, -1, ifelse(x>y, 1, 0))
end
# Exact Float (Tf) vs Integer (Ti) comparisons
# Assumes:
# - typemax(Ti) == 2^n-1
# - typemax(Ti) can't be exactly represented by Tf:
# => Tf(typemax(Ti)) == 2^n or Inf
# - typemin(Ti) can be exactly represented by Tf
#
# 1. convert y::Ti to float fy::Tf
# 2. perform Tf comparison x vs fy
# 3. if x == fy, check if (1) resulted in rounding:
# a. convert fy back to Ti and compare with original y
# b. unsafe_convert undefined behaviour if fy == Tf(typemax(Ti))
# (but consequently x == fy > y)
for Ti in (Int64,UInt64,Int128,UInt128)
for Tf in (Float32,Float64)
@eval begin
function ==(x::$Tf, y::$Ti)
fy = ($Tf)(y)
(x == fy) & (fy != $(Tf(typemax(Ti)))) & (y == unsafe_trunc($Ti,fy))
end
==(y::$Ti, x::$Tf) = x==y
function <(x::$Ti, y::$Tf)
fx = ($Tf)(x)
(fx < y) | ((fx == y) & ((fx == $(Tf(typemax(Ti)))) | (x < unsafe_trunc($Ti,fx)) ))
end
function <=(x::$Ti, y::$Tf)
fx = ($Tf)(x)
(fx < y) | ((fx == y) & ((fx == $(Tf(typemax(Ti)))) | (x <= unsafe_trunc($Ti,fx)) ))
end
function <(x::$Tf, y::$Ti)
fy = ($Tf)(y)
(x < fy) | ((x == fy) & (fy < $(Tf(typemax(Ti)))) & (unsafe_trunc($Ti,fy) < y))
end
function <=(x::$Tf, y::$Ti)
fy = ($Tf)(y)
(x < fy) | ((x == fy) & (fy < $(Tf(typemax(Ti)))) & (unsafe_trunc($Ti,fy) <= y))
end
end
end
end
==(x::Float32, y::Union{Int32,UInt32}) = Float64(x)==Float64(y)
==(x::Union{Int32,UInt32}, y::Float32) = Float64(x)==Float64(y)
<(x::Float32, y::Union{Int32,UInt32}) = Float64(x)<Float64(y)
<(x::Union{Int32,UInt32}, y::Float32) = Float64(x)<Float64(y)
<=(x::Float32, y::Union{Int32,UInt32}) = Float64(x)<=Float64(y)
<=(x::Union{Int32,UInt32}, y::Float32) = Float64(x)<=Float64(y)
abs(x::Float64) = box(Float64,abs_float(unbox(Float64,x)))
abs(x::Float32) = box(Float32,abs_float(unbox(Float32,x)))
isnan(x::AbstractFloat) = x != x
isnan(x::Real) = false
isfinite(x::AbstractFloat) = x - x == 0
isfinite(x::Real) = decompose(x)[3] != 0
isfinite(x::Integer) = true
isinf(x::Real) = !isnan(x) & !isfinite(x)
## hashing small, built-in numeric types ##
hx(a::UInt64, b::Float64, h::UInt) = hash_uint64((3a + reinterpret(UInt64,b)) - h)
const hx_NaN = hx(UInt64(0), NaN, UInt(0 ))
hash(x::UInt64, h::UInt) = hx(x, Float64(x), h)
hash(x::Int64, h::UInt) = hx(reinterpret(UInt64,abs(x)), Float64(x), h)
hash(x::Float64, h::UInt) = isnan(x) ? (hx_NaN $ h) : hx(box(UInt64,fptoui(unbox(Float64,abs(x)))), x, h)
hash(x::Union{Bool,Int8,UInt8,Int16,UInt16,Int32,UInt32}, h::UInt) = hash(Int64(x), h)
hash(x::Float32, h::UInt) = hash(Float64(x), h)
## precision, as defined by the effective number of bits in the mantissa ##
precision(::Type{Float16}) = 11
precision(::Type{Float32}) = 24
precision(::Type{Float64}) = 53
precision{T<:AbstractFloat}(::T) = precision(T)
"""
uabs(x::Integer)
Returns the absolute value of `x`, possibly returning a different type should the
operation be susceptible to overflow. This typically arises when `x` is a two's complement
signed integer, so that `abs(typemin(x)) == typemin(x) < 0`, in which case the result of
`uabs(x)` will be an unsigned integer of the same size.
"""
uabs(x::Integer) = abs(x)
uabs(x::Signed) = unsigned(abs(x))
"""
nextfloat(x::AbstractFloat, n::Integer)
The result of `n` iterative applications of `nextfloat` to `x` if `n >= 0`, or `-n`
applications of `prevfloat` if `n < 0`.
"""
function nextfloat(f::Union{Float16,Float32,Float64}, d::Integer)
F = typeof(f)
fumax = reinterpret(Unsigned, F(Inf))
U = typeof(fumax)
isnan(f) && return f
fi = reinterpret(Signed, f)
fneg = fi < 0
fu = unsigned(fi & typemax(fi))
dneg = d < 0
da = uabs(d)
if da > typemax(U)
fneg = dneg
fu = fumax
else
du = da % U
if fneg $ dneg
if du > fu
fu = min(fumax, du - fu)
fneg = !fneg
else
fu = fu - du
end
else
if fumax - fu < du
fu = fumax
else
fu = fu + du
end
end
end
if fneg
fu |= sign_mask(F)
end
reinterpret(F, fu)
end
"""
nextfloat(x::AbstractFloat)
Returns the smallest floating point number `y` of the same type as `x` such `x < y`. If no
such `y` exists (e.g. if `x` is `Inf` or `NaN`), then returns `x`.
"""
nextfloat(x::AbstractFloat) = nextfloat(x,1)
"""
prevfloat(x::AbstractFloat)
Returns the largest floating point number `y` of the same type as `x` such `y < x`. If no
such `y` exists (e.g. if `x` is `-Inf` or `NaN`), then returns `x`.
"""
prevfloat(x::AbstractFloat) = nextfloat(x,-1)
for Ti in (Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64, Int128, UInt8, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64, UInt128)
for Tf in (Float32, Float64)
if sizeof(Ti) < sizeof(Tf) || Ti <: Unsigned # Tf(typemin(Ti))-1 is exact
@eval function trunc(::Type{$Ti},x::$Tf)
$(Tf(typemin(Ti))-one(Tf)) < x < $(Tf(typemax(Ti))+one(Tf)) || throw(InexactError())
unsafe_trunc($Ti,x)
end
else
@eval function trunc(::Type{$Ti},x::$Tf)
$(Tf(typemin(Ti))) <= x < $(Tf(typemax(Ti))) || throw(InexactError())
unsafe_trunc($Ti,x)
end
end
end
end
@eval begin
issubnormal(x::Float32) = (abs(x) < $(box(Float32,unbox(UInt32,0x00800000)))) & (x!=0)
issubnormal(x::Float64) = (abs(x) < $(box(Float64,unbox(UInt64,0x0010000000000000)))) & (x!=0)
typemin(::Type{Float16}) = $(box(Float16,unbox(UInt16,0xfc00)))
typemax(::Type{Float16}) = $(Inf16)
typemin(::Type{Float32}) = $(-Inf32)
typemax(::Type{Float32}) = $(Inf32)
typemin(::Type{Float64}) = $(-Inf64)
typemax(::Type{Float64}) = $(Inf64)
typemin{T<:Real}(x::T) = typemin(T)
typemax{T<:Real}(x::T) = typemax(T)
realmin(::Type{Float16}) = $(box(Float16,unbox(UInt16,0x0400)))
realmin(::Type{Float32}) = $(box(Float32,unbox(UInt32,0x00800000)))
realmin(::Type{Float64}) = $(box(Float64,unbox(UInt64,0x0010000000000000)))
realmax(::Type{Float16}) = $(box(Float16,unbox(UInt16,0x7bff)))
realmax(::Type{Float32}) = $(box(Float32,unbox(UInt32,0x7f7fffff)))
realmax(::Type{Float64}) = $(box(Float64,unbox(UInt64,0x7fefffffffffffff)))
realmin{T<:AbstractFloat}(x::T) = realmin(T)
realmax{T<:AbstractFloat}(x::T) = realmax(T)
realmin() = realmin(Float64)
realmax() = realmax(Float64)
eps(x::AbstractFloat) = isfinite(x) ? abs(x) >= realmin(x) ? ldexp(eps(typeof(x)),exponent(x)) : nextfloat(zero(x)) : oftype(x,NaN)
eps(::Type{Float16}) = $(box(Float16,unbox(UInt16,0x1400)))
eps(::Type{Float32}) = $(box(Float32,unbox(UInt32,0x34000000)))
eps(::Type{Float64}) = $(box(Float64,unbox(UInt64,0x3cb0000000000000)))
eps() = eps(Float64)
end
## byte order swaps for arbitrary-endianness serialization/deserialization ##
bswap(x::Float32) = box(Float32,bswap_int(unbox(Float32,x)))
bswap(x::Float64) = box(Float64,bswap_int(unbox(Float64,x)))
# bit patterns
reinterpret(::Type{Unsigned}, x::Float64) = reinterpret(UInt64,x)
reinterpret(::Type{Unsigned}, x::Float32) = reinterpret(UInt32,x)
reinterpret(::Type{Signed}, x::Float64) = reinterpret(Int64,x)
reinterpret(::Type{Signed}, x::Float32) = reinterpret(Int32,x)
sign_mask(::Type{Float64}) = 0x8000_0000_0000_0000
exponent_mask(::Type{Float64}) = 0x7ff0_0000_0000_0000
exponent_one(::Type{Float64}) = 0x3ff0_0000_0000_0000
exponent_half(::Type{Float64}) = 0x3fe0_0000_0000_0000
significand_mask(::Type{Float64}) = 0x000f_ffff_ffff_ffff
sign_mask(::Type{Float32}) = 0x8000_0000
exponent_mask(::Type{Float32}) = 0x7f80_0000
exponent_one(::Type{Float32}) = 0x3f80_0000
exponent_half(::Type{Float32}) = 0x3f00_0000
significand_mask(::Type{Float32}) = 0x007f_ffff
@pure significand_bits{T<:AbstractFloat}(::Type{T}) = trailing_ones(significand_mask(T))
@pure exponent_bits{T<:AbstractFloat}(::Type{T}) = sizeof(T)*8 - significand_bits(T) - 1
@pure exponent_bias{T<:AbstractFloat}(::Type{T}) = Int(exponent_one(T) >> significand_bits(T))
## Array operations on floating point numbers ##
float{T<:AbstractFloat}(A::AbstractArray{T}) = A
function float{T}(A::AbstractArray{T})
if !isleaftype(T)
error("`float` not defined on abstractly-typed arrays; please convert to a more specific type")
end
convert(AbstractArray{typeof(float(zero(T)))}, A)
end
for fn in (:float,:big)
@eval begin
$fn(r::StepRange) = $fn(r.start):$fn(r.step):$fn(last(r))
$fn(r::UnitRange) = $fn(r.start):$fn(last(r))
$fn(r::FloatRange) = FloatRange($fn(r.start), $fn(r.step), r.len, $fn(r.divisor))
function $fn(r::LinSpace)
new_len = $fn(r.len)
new_len == r.len || error(string(r, ": too long for ", $fn))
LinSpace($fn(r.start), $fn(r.stop), new_len, $fn(r.divisor))
end
end
end
big{T<:AbstractFloat,N}(x::AbstractArray{T,N}) = convert(AbstractArray{BigFloat,N}, x)
big{T<:Integer,N}(x::AbstractArray{T,N}) = convert(AbstractArray{BigInt,N}, x)