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README.md
# Official DGL Examples and Modules
The folder contains example implementations of selected research papers related to Graph Neural Networks. Note that the examples may not work with incompatible DGL versions.
* For examples working with the latest master (or the latest [nightly build](https://www.dgl.ai/pages/start.html)), check out https://github.com/dmlc/dgl/tree/master/examples.
* For examples working with a certain release, check out `https://github.com/dmlc/dgl/tree/<release_version>/examples` (E.g., https://github.com/dmlc/dgl/tree/0.5.x/examples)
To quickly locate the examples of your interest, search for the tagged keywords or use the search tool on [dgl.ai](https://www.dgl.ai/).
## 2024
- <a name="labor"></a> Lin et al. ARGO: An Auto-Tuning Runtime System for Scalable GNN Training on Multi-Core Processor. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.03671)
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/dmlc/dgl/tree/master/examples/pytorch/argo)
- Tags: semi-supervised node classification
## 2023
- <a name="labor"></a> Zheng Wang et al. From Cluster Assumption to Graph Convolution: Graph-based Semi-Supervised Learning Revisited. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.13339)
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/ogc)
- Tags: semi-supervised node classification
## 2022
- <a name="labor"></a> Balin et al. Layer-Neighbor Sampling -- Defusing Neighborhood Explosion in GNNs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.13339)
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/labor/train_lightning.py)
- Tags: node classification, weighted graphs, sampling
## 2021
- <a name="rnaglib"></a> Mallet et al. Learning Protein and Small Molecule binding sites in RNA molecules with 2.5D graphs. [Paper link](https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/38/5/1458/6462185?login=true)
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://jwgitlab.cs.mcgill.ca/cgoliver/rnaglib)
- Tags: semi-supervised node classification
- <a name="hilander"></a> Xing et al. Learning Hierarchical Graph Neural Networks for Image Clustering.
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/hilander)
- Tags: clustering
- <a name="bgnn"></a> Ivanov et al. Boost then Convolve: Gradient Boosting Meets Graph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://openreview.net/forum?id=ebS5NUfoMKL).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/bgnn)
- Tags: semi-supervised node classification, tabular data, GBDT
- <a name="correct_and_smooth"></a> Huang et al. Combining Label Propagation and Simple Models Out-performs Graph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.13993).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/correct_and_smooth)
- Tags: efficiency, node classification, label propagation
- <a name="point_transformer"></a> Zhao et al. Point Transformer. [Paper link](http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.09164).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/pointcloud/point_transformer)
- Tags: point cloud classification, point cloud part-segmentation
- <a name="pct"></a> Guo et al. PCT: Point cloud transformer. [Paper link](http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.09688).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/pointcloud/pct)
- Tags: point cloud classification, point cloud part-segmentation
- <a name='gatv2'></a> Brody et al. How Attentive are Graph Attention Networks? [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.14491).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/gatv2)
- Tags: graph attention, gat, gatv2, attention
- <a name='bgrl'></a> Thakoor et al. Large-Scale Representation Learning on Graphs via Bootstrapping. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.06514).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/bgrl)
- Tags: contrastive learning for node classification.
- <a name='directional_gsn'></a> Bouritsas et al. Improving Graph Neural Network Expressivity via Subgraph Isomorphism Counting. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.09252).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/ogb/directional_GSN)
- Tags: subgraph isomorphism counting, graph classification.
- <a name='ngnn'></a> Song et al. Network In Graph Neural Network. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.11638).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/ogb/ngnn)
- Tags: model-agnostic methodology, link prediction, open graph benchmark.
- <a name='bipointnet'></a>Qin et al. BiPointNet: Binary Neural Network for Point Clouds. [Paper link](https://openreview.net/forum?id=9QLRCVysdlO)
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/pointcloud/bipointnet)
- Tags: point cloud classification, network binarization.
## 2020
- <a name="eeg-gcnn"></a> Wagh et al. EEG-GCNN: Augmenting Electroencephalogram-based Neurological Disease Diagnosis using a Domain-guided Graph Convolutional Neural Network. [Paper link](http://proceedings.mlr.press/v136/wagh20a.html).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/eeg-gcnn)
- Tags: graph classification, eeg representation learning, brain activity, graph convolution, neurological disease classification, large dataset, edge weights, node features, fully-connected graph, graph neural network
- <a name="rect"></a> Wang et al. Network Embedding with Completely-imbalanced Labels. [Paper link](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8979355).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/rect)
- Tags: node classification, network embedding, completely-imbalanced labels
- <a name="mvgrl"></a> Hassani and Khasahmadi. Contrastive Multi-View Representation Learning on Graphs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.05582).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/mvgrl)
- Tags: graph diffusion, self-supervised learning
- <a name="grace"></a> Zhu et al. Deep Graph Contrastive Representation Learning. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.04131).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/grace)
- Tags: contrastive learning for node classification.
- <a name="grand"></a> Feng et al. Graph Random Neural Network for Semi-Supervised Learning on Graphs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.11079).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/grand)
- Tags: semi-supervised node classification, simplifying graph convolution, data augmentation
- <a name="hgt"></a> Hu et al. Heterogeneous Graph Transformer. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.01332).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/hgt)
- Tags: dynamic heterogeneous graph, large-scale, node classification, link prediction
- <a name="mwe"></a> Chen. Graph Convolutional Networks for Graphs with Multi-Dimensionally Weighted Edges. [Paper link](https://cims.nyu.edu/~chenzh/files/GCN_with_edge_weights.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch on ogbn-proteins](../examples/pytorch/ogb/ogbn-proteins)
- Tags: node classification, weighted graphs, OGB
- <a name="sign"></a> Frasca et al. SIGN: Scalable Inception Graph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.11198).
- Example code: [PyTorch on ogbn-arxiv/products/mag](../examples/pytorch/ogb/sign), [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/sign)
- Tags: node classification, OGB, large-scale, heterogeneous graph
- <a name="prestrategy"></a> Hu et al. Strategies for Pre-training Graph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.12265).
- Example code: [Molecule embedding](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/molecule_embeddings), [PyTorch for custom data](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/csv_data_configuration)
- Tags: molecules, graph classification, unsupervised learning, self-supervised learning, molecular property prediction
- <a name="gnnfilm"></a> Marc Brockschmidt. GNN-FiLM: Graph Neural Networks with Feature-wise Linear Modulation. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.12192).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/GNN-FiLM)
- Tags: multi-relational graphs, hypernetworks, GNN architectures
- <a name="gxn"></a> Li, Maosen, et al. Graph Cross Networks with Vertex Infomax Pooling. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.01804).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/gxn)
- Tags: pooling, graph classification
- <a name="dagnn"></a> Liu et al. Towards Deeper Graph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.09296).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/dagnn)
- Tags: over-smoothing, node classification
- <a name="dimenet"></a> Klicpera et al. Directional Message Passing for Molecular Graphs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.03123).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/dimenet)
- Tags: molecules, molecular property prediction, quantum chemistry
- <a name="tgn"></a> Rossi et al. Temporal Graph Networks For Deep Learning on Dynamic Graphs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.10637).
- Example code: [Pytorch](../examples/pytorch/tgn)
- Tags: temporal, node classification
- <a name="compgcn"></a> Vashishth, Shikhar, et al. Composition-based Multi-Relational Graph Convolutional Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.03082).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/compGCN)
- Tags: multi-relational graphs, graph neural network
- <a name="deepergcn"></a> Li et al. DeeperGCN: All You Need to Train Deeper GCNs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.07739).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/deepergcn)
- Tags: over-smoothing, deeper gnn, OGB
- <a name="tahin"></a> Bi, Ye, et al. A Heterogeneous Information Network based Cross DomainInsurance Recommendation System for Cold Start Users. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.15293).
- Example code: [Pytorch](../examples/pytorch/TAHIN)
- Tags: cross-domain recommendation, graph neural network
- <a name="magnn"></a> Fu X, Zhang J, Meng Z, et al. MAGNN: metapath aggregated graph neural network for heterogeneous graph embedding. [Paper link](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3366423.3380297).
- Example code: [OpenHGNN](https://github.com/BUPT-GAMMA/OpenHGNN/tree/main/openhgnn/output/MAGNN)
- Tags: Heterogeneous graph, Graph neural network, Graph embedding
- <a name="nshe"></a> Zhao J, Wang X, et al. Network Schema Preserving Heterogeneous Information Network Embedding. [Paper link](https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/2020/0190.pdf).
- Example code: [OpenHGNN](https://github.com/BUPT-GAMMA/OpenHGNN/tree/main/openhgnn/output/NSHE)
- Tags: Heterogeneous graph, Graph neural network, Graph embedding, Network Schema
- <a name="caregnn"></a> Dou Y, Liu Z, et al. Enhancing Graph Neural Network-based Fraud Detectors against Camouflaged Fraudsters. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.08692).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/caregnn)
- Tags: Multi-relational graph, Graph neural network, Fraud detection, Reinforcement learning, Node classification
- <a name="seal_ogbl"></a> Zhang et al. Labeling Trick: A Theory of Using Graph Neural Networks for Multi-Node Representation Learning. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.16103.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/ogb/seal_ogbl)
- Tags: link prediction, labeling trick, OGB
## 2019
- <a name="infograph"></a> Sun et al. InfoGraph: Unsupervised and Semi-supervised Graph-Level Representation Learning via Mutual Information Maximization. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.01000).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/infograph)
- Tags: semi-supervised graph regression, unsupervised graph classification
- <a name="arma"></a> Bianchi et al. Graph Neural Networks with Convolutional ARMA Filters. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.01343).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/arma)
- Tags: node classification
- <a name="appnp"></a> Klicpera et al. Predict then Propagate: Graph Neural Networks meet Personalized PageRank. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.05997).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/appnp), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/appnp)
- Tags: node classification
- <a name="clustergcn"></a> Chiang et al. Cluster-GCN: An Efficient Algorithm for Training Deep and Large Graph Convolutional Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.07953).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/cluster_gcn), [PyTorch-based GraphSAGE variant on OGB](../examples/pytorch/ogb/cluster-sage), [PyTorch-based GAT variant on OGB](../examples/pytorch/ogb/cluster-gat)
- Tags: graph partition, node classification, large-scale, OGB, sampling
- <a name="dgi"></a> Veličković et al. Deep Graph Infomax. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.10341).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/dgi), [TensorFlow](../examples/tensorflow/dgi)
- Tags: unsupervised learning, node classification
- <a name="diffpool"></a> Ying et al. Hierarchical Graph Representation Learning with Differentiable Pooling. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.08804).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/diffpool)
- Tags: pooling, graph classification, graph coarsening
- <a name="gatne-t"></a> Cen et al. Representation Learning for Attributed Multiplex Heterogeneous Network. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.01669v2).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/GATNE-T)
- Tags: heterogeneous graph, link prediction, large-scale
- <a name="gin"></a> Xu et al. How Powerful are Graph Neural Networks? [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.00826).
- Example code: [PyTorch on graph classification](../examples/pytorch/gin), [PyTorch on node classification](../examples/pytorch/model_zoo/citation_network), [PyTorch on ogbg-ppa](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/ogbg_ppa), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/gin)
- Tags: graph classification, node classification, OGB
- <a name="graphwriter"></a> Koncel-Kedziorski et al. Text Generation from Knowledge Graphs with Graph Transformers. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.02342).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/graphwriter)
- Tags: knowledge graph, text generation
- <a name="han"></a> Wang et al. Heterogeneous Graph Attention Network. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.07293).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/han), [OpenHGNN](https://github.com/BUPT-GAMMA/OpenHGNN/tree/main/openhgnn/output/HAN)
- Tags: heterogeneous graph, node classification
- <a name="lgnn"></a> Chen et al. Supervised Community Detection with Line Graph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.08415).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/line_graph)
- Tags: line graph, community detection
- <a name="sgc"></a> Wu et al. Simplifying Graph Convolutional Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.07153).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/sgc), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/sgc)
- Tags: node classification
- <a name="dgcnnpoint"></a> Wang et al. Dynamic Graph CNN for Learning on Point Clouds. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.07829).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/pointcloud/edgeconv)
- Tags: point cloud classification
- <a name="scenegraph"></a> Zhang et al. Graphical Contrastive Losses for Scene Graph Parsing. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.02728).
- Example code: [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/scenegraph)
- Tags: scene graph extraction
- <a name="settrans"></a> Lee et al. Set Transformer: A Framework for Attention-based Permutation-Invariant Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.00825).
- Pooling module: [PyTorch encoder](https://docs.dgl.ai/api/python/nn.pytorch.html#settransformerencoder), [PyTorch decoder](https://docs.dgl.ai/api/python/nn.pytorch.html#settransformerdecoder)
- Tags: graph classification
- <a name="wln"></a> Coley et al. A graph-convolutional neural network model for the prediction of chemical reactivity. [Paper link](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/sc/c8sc04228d#!divAbstract).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/reaction_prediction/rexgen_direct)
- Tags: molecules, reaction prediction
- <a name="mgcn"></a> Lu et al. Molecular Property Prediction: A Multilevel Quantum Interactions Modeling Perspective. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.11081).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/alchemy)
- Tags: molecules, quantum chemistry
- <a name="attentivefp"></a> Xiong et al. Pushing the Boundaries of Molecular Representation for Drug Discovery with the Graph Attention Mechanism. [Paper link](https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00959).
- Example code: [PyTorch (with attention visualization)](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/pubchem_aromaticity), [PyTorch for custom data](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/csv_data_configuration)
- Tags: molecules, molecular property prediction
- <a name="rotate"></a> Sun et al. RotatE: Knowledge Graph Embedding by Relational Rotation in Complex Space. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.10197.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-ke/tree/master/examples), [PyTorch for custom data](https://aws-dglke.readthedocs.io/en/latest/commands.html)
- Tags: knowledge graph
- <a name="mixhop"></a> Abu-El-Haija et al. MixHop: Higher-Order Graph Convolutional Architectures via Sparsified Neighborhood Mixing. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.00067).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/mixhop)
- Tags: node classification
- <a name="sagpool"></a> Lee, Junhyun, et al. Self-Attention Graph Pooling. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.08082).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/sagpool)
- Tags: graph classification, pooling
- <a name="hgp-sl"></a> Zhang, Zhen, et al. Hierarchical Graph Pooling with Structure Learning. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.05954).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/hgp_sl)
- Tags: graph classification, pooling
- <a name='hardgat'></a> Gao, Hongyang, et al. Graph Representation Learning via Hard and Channel-Wise Attention Networks [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.04652).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/hardgat)
- Tags: node classification, graph attention
- <a name='ngcf'></a> Wang, Xiang, et al. Neural Graph Collaborative Filtering. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.08108).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/NGCF)
- Tags: Collaborative Filtering, recommender system, Graph Neural Network
- <a name='gnnexplainer'></a> Ying, Rex, et al. GNNExplainer: Generating Explanations for Graph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.03894).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/gnn_explainer)
- Tags: Graph Neural Network, Explainability
- <a name='hetgnn'></a> Zhang C, Song D, et al. Heterogeneous graph neural network. [Paper link](https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3292500.3330961).
- Example code: [OpenHGNN](https://github.com/BUPT-GAMMA/OpenHGNN/tree/main/openhgnn/output/HetGNN)
- Tags: Heterogeneous graph, Graph neural network, Graph embedding
- <a name='gtn'></a> Yun S, Jeong M, et al. Graph transformer networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.06455).
- Example code: [OpenHGNN](https://github.com/BUPT-GAMMA/OpenHGNN/tree/main/openhgnn/output/GTN)
- Tags: Heterogeneous graph, Graph neural network, Graph structure
- <a name='gas'></a> Li A, Qin Z, et al. Spam Review Detection with Graph Convolutional Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10679).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/gas)
- Tags: Fraud detection, Heterogeneous graph, Edge classification, Graph attention
- <a name='geniepath'></a> Liu Z, et al. Geniepath: Graph neural networks with adaptive receptive paths. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.00910).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/geniepath)
- Tags: Fraud detection, Node classification, Graph attention, LSTM, Adaptive receptive fields
- <a name='pgnn'></a> You J, et al. Position-aware graph neural networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04817).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/P-GNN)
- Tags: Positional encoding, Link prediction, Link-pair prediction
## 2018
- <a name="dgmg"></a> Li et al. Learning Deep Generative Models of Graphs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.03324).
- Example code: [PyTorch example for cycles](../examples/pytorch/dgmg), [PyTorch example for molecules](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/generative_models/dgmg)
- Tags: generative models, autoregressive models, molecules
- <a name="gat"></a> Veličković et al. Graph Attention Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.10903).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/gat), [PyTorch on ogbn-arxiv](../examples/pytorch/ogb/ogbn-arxiv), [PyTorch on ogbn-products](../examples/pytorch/ogb/ogbn-products), [TensorFlow](../examples/tensorflow/gat), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/gat)
- Tags: node classification, OGB
- <a name="jtvae"></a> Jin et al. Junction Tree Variational Autoencoder for Molecular Graph Generation. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.04364).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/jtnn)
- Tags: generative models, molecules, VAE
- <a name="agnn"></a> Thekumparampil et al. Attention-based Graph Neural Network for Semi-supervised Learning. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.03735).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/model_zoo/citation_network)
- Tags: node classification
- <a name="pinsage"></a> Ying et al. Graph Convolutional Neural Networks for Web-Scale Recommender Systems. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.01973).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/pinsage)
- Tags: recommender system, large-scale, sampling
- <a name="rrn"></a> Berg Palm et al. Recurrent Relational Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.08028).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/rrn)
- Tags: sudoku solving
- <a name="stgcn"></a> Yu et al. Spatio-Temporal Graph Convolutional Networks: A Deep Learning Framework for Traffic Forecasting. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.04875v4).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/stgcn_wave)
- Tags: spatio-temporal, traffic forecasting
- <a name="dgcnn"></a> Zhang et al. An End-to-End Deep Learning Architecture for Graph Classification. [Paper link](https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~ychen/public/DGCNN.pdf).
- Pooling module: [PyTorch](https://docs.dgl.ai/api/python/nn.pytorch.html#sortpooling), [TensorFlow](https://docs.dgl.ai/api/python/nn.tensorflow.html#sortpooling), [MXNet](https://docs.dgl.ai/api/python/nn.mxnet.html#sortpooling)
- Tags: graph classification
- <a name="seal"></a> Zhang et al. Link Prediction Based on Graph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://papers.nips.cc/paper/2018/file/53f0d7c537d99b3824f0f99d62ea2428-Paper.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/seal)
- Tags: link prediction, sampling
- <a name="jknet"></a> Xu et al. Representation Learning on Graphs with Jumping Knowledge Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.03536).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/jknet)
- Tags: message passing, neighborhood
- <a name="gaan"></a> Zhang et al. GaAN: Gated Attention Networks for Learning on Large and Spatiotemporal Graphs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.07294).
- Example code: [pytorch](../examples/pytorch/dtgrnn)
- Tags: Static discrete temporal graph, traffic forecasting
- <a name="hgnn"></a> Feng et al. Hypergraph Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.09401).
- Example code: [pytorch](../examples/sparse/hgnn)
- Tags: hypergraph
## 2017
- <a name="gcn"></a> Kipf and Welling. Semi-Supervised Classification with Graph Convolutional Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.02907).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/gcn), [PyTorch on ogbn-arxiv](../examples/pytorch/ogb/ogbn-arxiv), [PyTorch on ogbl-ppa](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/link_prediction/ogbl-ppa), [PyTorch on ogbg-ppa](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/ogbg_ppa), [TensorFlow](../examples/tensorflow/gcn), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/gcn)
- Tags: node classification, link prediction, graph classification, OGB
- <a name="capsule"></a> Sabour et al. Dynamic Routing Between Capsules. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.09829).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/capsule)
- Tags: image classification
- <a name="gcmc"></a> van den Berg et al. Graph Convolutional Matrix Completion. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02263).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/gcmc)
- Tags: matrix completion, recommender system, link prediction, bipartite graphs
- <a name="graphsage"></a> Hamilton et al. Inductive Representation Learning on Large Graphs. [Paper link](https://cs.stanford.edu/people/jure/pubs/graphsage-nips17.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/graphsage), [PyTorch on ogbn-products](../examples/pytorch/ogb/ogbn-products), [PyTorch on ogbn-mag](../examples/pytorch/ogb/ogbn-mag), [PyTorch on ogbl-ppa](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/link_prediction/ogbl-ppa), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/graphsage)
- Tags: node classification, sampling, unsupervised learning, link prediction, OGB
- <a name="metapath2vec"></a> Dong et al. metapath2vec: Scalable Representation Learning for Heterogeneous Networks. [Paper link](https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3097983.3098036).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/metapath2vec)
- Tags: heterogeneous graph, network embedding, large-scale, node classification
- <a name="tagcn"></a> Du et al. Topology Adaptive Graph Convolutional Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.10370).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/tagcn), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/tagcn)
- Tags: node classification
- <a name="pointnet"></a> Qi et al. PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentation. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.00593).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/pointcloud/pointnet)
- Tags: point cloud classification, point cloud part-segmentation
- <a name="pointnet++"></a> Qi et al. PointNet++: Deep Hierarchical Feature Learning on Point Sets in a Metric Space. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02413).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/pointcloud/pointnet)
- Tags: point cloud classification
- <a name="rgcn"></a> Schlichtkrull. Modeling Relational Data with Graph Convolutional Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.06103).
- Example code: [PyTorch example using homogeneous DGLGraphs](../examples/pytorch/rgcn), [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/rgcn-hetero), [TensorFlow](../examples/tensorflow/rgcn), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/rgcn)
- Tags: node classification, link prediction, heterogeneous graph, sampling
- <a name="transformer"></a> Vaswani et al. Attention Is All You Need. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/transformer)
- Tags: machine translation
- <a name="mpnn"></a> Gilmer et al. Neural Message Passing for Quantum Chemistry. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.01212).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/alchemy), [PyTorch for custom data](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/csv_data_configuration)
- Tags: molecules, quantum chemistry
- <a name="acnn"></a> Gomes et al. Atomic Convolutional Networks for Predicting Protein-Ligand Binding Affinity. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.10603).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/binding_affinity_prediction)
- Tags: binding affinity prediction, molecules, proteins
- <a name="schnet"></a> Schütt et al. SchNet: A continuous-filter convolutional neural network for modeling quantum interactions. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.08566).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/alchemy)
- Tags: molecules, quantum chemistry
- <a name="dcrnn"></a> Li et al. Diffusion Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network: Data-Driven Traffic Forcasting. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.01926).
- Example code: [Pytorch](../examples/pytorch/dtgrnn)
- Tags: Static discrete temporal graph, traffic forecasting
## 2016
- <a name="ggnn"></a> Li et al. Gated Graph Sequence Neural Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.05493).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/ggnn)
- Tags: question answering
- <a name="chebnet"></a> Defferrard et al. Convolutional Neural Networks on Graphs with Fast Localized Spectral Filtering. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.09375).
- Example code: [PyTorch on image classification](../examples/pytorch/model_zoo/geometric), [PyTorch on node classification](../examples/pytorch/model_zoo/citation_network)
- Tags: image classification, graph classification, node classification
- <a name="monet"></a> Monti et al. Geometric deep learning on graphs and manifolds using mixture model CNNs. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.08402).
- Example code: [PyTorch on image classification](../examples/pytorch/model_zoo/geometric), [PyTorch on node classification](../examples/pytorch/monet), [MXNet on node classification](../examples/mxnet/monet)
- Tags: image classification, graph classification, node classification
- <a name="weave"></a> Kearnes et al. Molecular Graph Convolutions: Moving Beyond Fingerprints. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1603.00856).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/moleculenet), [PyTorch for custom data](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/csv_data_configuration)
- Tags: molecular property prediction
- <a name="complex"></a> Trouillon et al. Complex Embeddings for Simple Link Prediction. [Paper link](http://proceedings.mlr.press/v48/trouillon16.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-ke/tree/master/examples), [PyTorch for custom data](https://aws-dglke.readthedocs.io/en/latest/commands.html)
- Tags: knowledge graph
- <a name="vgae"></a> Thomas et al. Variational Graph Auto-Encoders. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.07308).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/vgae)
- Tags: link prediction
## 2015
- <a name="line"></a> Tang et al. LINE: Large-scale Information Network Embedding. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.03578).
- Example code: [PyTorch on OGB](../examples/pytorch/ogb/line)
- Tags: network embedding, transductive learning, OGB, link prediction
- <a name="treelstm"></a> Sheng Tai et al. Improved Semantic Representations From Tree-Structured Long Short-Term Memory Networks. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.00075).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/tree_lstm), [MXNet](../examples/mxnet/tree_lstm)
- Tags: sentiment classification
- <a name="seq2seq"></a> Vinyals et al. Order Matters: Sequence to sequence for sets. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06391).
- Pooling module: [PyTorch](https://docs.dgl.ai/api/python/nn.pytorch.html#set2set), [MXNet](https://docs.dgl.ai/api/python/nn.mxnet.html#set2set)
- Tags: graph classification
- <a name="transr"></a> Lin et al. Learning Entity and Relation Embeddings for Knowledge Graph Completion. [Paper link](https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/AAAI/AAAI15/paper/viewPaper/9571).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-ke/tree/master/examples), [PyTorch for custom data](https://aws-dglke.readthedocs.io/en/latest/commands.html)
- Tags: knowledge graph
- <a name="distmul"></a> Yang et al. Embedding Entities and Relations for Learning and Inference in Knowledge Bases. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6575).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-ke/tree/master/examples), [PyTorch for custom data](https://aws-dglke.readthedocs.io/en/latest/commands.html)
- Tags: knowledge graph
- <a name="nf"></a> Duvenaud et al. Convolutional Networks on Graphs for Learning Molecular Fingerprints. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.09292).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/moleculenet), [PyTorch for custom data](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-lifesci/tree/master/examples/property_prediction/csv_data_configuration)
- Tags: molecules, molecular property prediction
## 2014
- <a name="deepwalk"></a> Perozzi et al. DeepWalk: Online Learning of Social Representations. [Paper link](https://arxiv.org/abs/1403.6652).
- Example code: [PyTorch on OGB](../examples/pytorch/ogb/deepwalk)
- Tags: network embedding, transductive learning, OGB, link prediction
- <a name="hausdorff"></a> Fischer et al. A Hausdorff Heuristic for Efficient Computation of Graph Edit Distance. [Paper link](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-44415-3_9).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/graph_matching)
- Tags: graph edit distance, graph matching
## 2013
- <a name="transe"></a> Bordes et al. Translating Embeddings for Modeling Multi-relational Data. [Paper link](https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2013/file/1cecc7a77928ca8133fa24680a88d2f9-Paper.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-ke/tree/master/examples), [PyTorch for custom data](https://aws-dglke.readthedocs.io/en/latest/commands.html)
- Tags: knowledge graph
## 2011
- <a name="bipartite"></a> Fankhauser et al. Speeding Up Graph Edit Distance Computation through Fast Bipartite Matching. [Paper link](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-20844-7_11).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/graph_matching)
- Tags: graph edit distance, graph matching
- <a name="rescal"></a> Nickel et al. A Three-Way Model for Collective Learning on Multi-Relational Data. [Paper link](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.383.2015&rep=rep1&type=pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](https://github.com/awslabs/dgl-ke/tree/master/examples), [PyTorch for custom data](https://aws-dglke.readthedocs.io/en/latest/commands.html)
- Tags: knowledge graph
## 2010
- <a name="lda"></a> Hoffman et al. Online Learning for Latent Dirichlet Allocation. [Paper link](https://papers.nips.cc/paper/2010/file/71f6278d140af599e06ad9bf1ba03cb0-Paper.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/lda)
- Tags: sklearn, decomposition, latent Dirichlet allocation
## 2009
- <a name="astar"></a> Riesen et al. Speeding Up Graph Edit Distance Computation with a Bipartite Heuristic. [Paper link](https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/33054885.pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/graph_matching)
- Tags: graph edit distance, graph matching
## 2006
- <a name="beam"></a> Neuhaus et al. Fast Suboptimal Algorithms for the Computation of Graph Edit Distance. [Paper link](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/11815921_17).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/graph_matching)
- Tags: graph edit distance, graph matching
## 2002
- <a name="label_propagation"></a> Zhu & Ghahramani. Learning from Labeled and Unlabeled Data with Label Propagation. [Paper link](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.14.3864&rep=rep1&type=pdf).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/label_propagation)
- Tags: node classification, label propagation
## 1998
- <a name="pagerank"></a> Page et al. The PageRank Citation Ranking: Bringing Order to the Web. [Paper link](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.38.5427).
- Example code: [PyTorch](../examples/pytorch/pagerank.py)
- Tags: PageRank
