# This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: http://julialang.org/license

# timing

# time() in libc.jl

# high-resolution relative time, in nanoseconds
time_ns() = ccall(:jl_hrtime, UInt64, ())

# This type must be kept in sync with the C struct in src/gc.h
immutable GC_Num
    allocd      ::Int64 # GC internal
    deferred_alloc::Int64
    freed       ::Int64 # GC internal
    malloc      ::UInt64
    realloc     ::UInt64
    poolalloc   ::UInt64
    bigalloc    ::UInt64
    freecall    ::UInt64
    total_time  ::UInt64
    total_allocd::UInt64 # GC internal
    since_sweep ::UInt64 # GC internal
    collect     ::Csize_t # GC internal
    pause       ::Cint
    full_sweep  ::Cint
end

gc_num() = ccall(:jl_gc_num, GC_Num, ())

# This type is to represent differences in the counters, so fields may be negative
immutable GC_Diff
    allocd      ::Int64 # Bytes allocated
    malloc      ::Int64 # Number of GC aware malloc()
    realloc     ::Int64 # Number of GC aware realloc()
    poolalloc   ::Int64 # Number of pool allocation
    bigalloc    ::Int64 # Number of big (non-pool) allocation
    freecall    ::Int64 # Number of GC aware free()
    total_time  ::Int64 # Time spent in garbage collection
    pause       ::Int64 # Number of GC pauses
    full_sweep  ::Int64 # Number of GC full collection
end

function GC_Diff(new::GC_Num, old::GC_Num)
    # logic from `src/gc.c:jl_gc_total_bytes`
    old_allocd = old.allocd + Int64(old.collect) + Int64(old.total_allocd)
    new_allocd = new.allocd + Int64(new.collect) + Int64(new.total_allocd)
    return GC_Diff(new_allocd - old_allocd,
                   Int64(new.malloc       - old.malloc),
                   Int64(new.realloc      - old.realloc),
                   Int64(new.poolalloc    - old.poolalloc),
                   Int64(new.bigalloc     - old.bigalloc),
                   Int64(new.freecall     - old.freecall),
                   Int64(new.total_time   - old.total_time),
                   new.pause              - old.pause,
                   new.full_sweep         - old.full_sweep)
end

function gc_alloc_count(diff::GC_Diff)
    diff.malloc + diff.realloc + diff.poolalloc + diff.bigalloc
end


# total time spend in garbage collection, in nanoseconds
gc_time_ns() = ccall(:jl_gc_total_hrtime, UInt64, ())

# total number of bytes allocated so far
gc_bytes() = ccall(:jl_gc_total_bytes, Int64, ())

function tic()
    t0 = time_ns()
    task_local_storage(:TIMERS, (t0, get(task_local_storage(), :TIMERS, ())))
    return t0
end

function toq()
    t1 = time_ns()
    timers = get(task_local_storage(), :TIMERS, ())
    if is(timers,())
        error("toc() without tic()")
    end
    t0 = timers[1]::UInt64
    task_local_storage(:TIMERS, timers[2])
    (t1-t0)/1e9
end

function toc()
    t = toq()
    println("elapsed time: ", t, " seconds")
    return t
end

# print elapsed time, return expression value
const _mem_units = ["byte", "KB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "PB"]
const _cnt_units = ["", " k", " M", " G", " T", " P"]
function prettyprint_getunits(value, numunits, factor)
    if value == 0 || value == 1
        return (value, 1)
    end
    unit = ceil(Int, log(value) / log(factor))
    unit = min(numunits, unit)
    number = value/factor^(unit-1)
    return number, unit
end

function padded_nonzero_print(value,str)
    if value != 0
        blanks = "                "[1:18-length(str)]
        println("$str:$blanks$value")
    end
end

function time_print(elapsedtime, bytes, gctime, allocs)
    @printf("%10.6f seconds", elapsedtime/1e9)
    if bytes != 0 || allocs != 0
        bytes, mb = prettyprint_getunits(bytes, length(_mem_units), Int64(1024))
        allocs, ma = prettyprint_getunits(allocs, length(_cnt_units), Int64(1000))
        if ma == 1
            @printf(" (%d%s allocation%s: ", allocs, _cnt_units[ma], allocs==1 ? "" : "s")
        else
            @printf(" (%.2f%s allocations: ", allocs, _cnt_units[ma])
        end
        if mb == 1
            @printf("%d %s%s", bytes, _mem_units[mb], bytes==1 ? "" : "s")
        else
            @printf("%.3f %s", bytes, _mem_units[mb])
        end
        if gctime > 0
            @printf(", %.2f%% gc time", 100*gctime/elapsedtime)
        end
        print(")")
    elseif gctime > 0
        @printf(", %.2f%% gc time", 100*gctime/elapsedtime)
    end
    println()
end

function timev_print(elapsedtime, diff::GC_Diff)
    allocs = gc_alloc_count(diff)
    time_print(elapsedtime, diff.allocd, diff.total_time, allocs)
    print("elapsed time (ns): $elapsedtime\n")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.total_time,   "gc time (ns)")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.allocd,       "bytes allocated")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.poolalloc,    "pool allocs")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.bigalloc,     "non-pool GC allocs")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.malloc,       "malloc() calls")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.realloc,      "realloc() calls")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.freecall,     "free() calls")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.pause,        "GC pauses")
    padded_nonzero_print(diff.full_sweep,   "full collections")
end

macro time(ex)
    quote
        local stats = gc_num()
        local elapsedtime = time_ns()
        local val = $(esc(ex))
        elapsedtime = time_ns() - elapsedtime
        local diff = GC_Diff(gc_num(), stats)
        time_print(elapsedtime, diff.allocd, diff.total_time,
                   gc_alloc_count(diff))
        val
    end
end

macro timev(ex)
    quote
        local stats = gc_num()
        local elapsedtime = time_ns()
        local val = $(esc(ex))
        elapsedtime = time_ns() - elapsedtime
        timev_print(elapsedtime, GC_Diff(gc_num(), stats))
        val
    end
end

# print nothing, return elapsed time
macro elapsed(ex)
    quote
        local t0 = time_ns()
        local val = $(esc(ex))
        (time_ns()-t0)/1e9
    end
end

# measure bytes allocated without *most* contamination from compilation
# Note: This reports a different value from the @time macros, because
# it wraps the call in a function, however, this means that things
# like:  @allocated y = foo()
# will not work correctly, because it will set y in the context of
# the local function made by the macro, not the current function

macro allocated(ex)
    quote
        let
            local f
            function f()
                b0 = gc_bytes()
                $(esc(ex))
                gc_bytes() - b0
            end
            f()
        end
    end
end

# print nothing, return value, elapsed time, bytes allocated & gc time
macro timed(ex)
    quote
        local stats = gc_num()
        local elapsedtime = time_ns()
        local val = $(esc(ex))
        elapsedtime = time_ns() - elapsedtime
        local diff = GC_Diff(gc_num(), stats)
        val, elapsedtime/1e9, diff.allocd, diff.total_time/1e9, diff
    end
end

function fftw_vendor()
    if Base.libfftw_name == "libmkl_rt"
        return :mkl
    else
        return :fftw
    end
end


## printing with color ##

function with_output_color(f::Function, color::Symbol, io::IO, args...)
    buf = IOBuffer()
    have_color && print(buf, get(text_colors, color, color_normal))
    try f(buf, args...)
    finally
        have_color && print(buf, color_normal)
        print(io, takebuf_string(buf))
    end
end

print_with_color(color::Symbol, io::IO, msg::AbstractString...) =
    with_output_color(print, color, io, msg...)
print_with_color(color::Symbol, msg::AbstractString...) =
    print_with_color(color, STDOUT, msg...)
println_with_color(color::Symbol, io::IO, msg::AbstractString...) =
    with_output_color(println, color, io, msg...)
println_with_color(color::Symbol, msg::AbstractString...) =
    println_with_color(color, STDOUT, msg...)

## warnings and messages ##

function info(io::IO, msg...; prefix="INFO: ")
    println_with_color(info_color(), io, prefix, chomp(string(msg...)))
end
info(msg...; prefix="INFO: ") = info(STDERR, msg..., prefix=prefix)

# print a warning only once

const have_warned = Set()

warn_once(io::IO, msg...) = warn(io, msg..., once=true)
warn_once(msg...) = warn(STDERR, msg..., once=true)

function warn(io::IO, msg...;
              prefix="WARNING: ", once=false, key=nothing, bt=nothing,
              filename=nothing, lineno::Int=0)
    str = chomp(string(msg...))
    if once
        if key === nothing
            key = str
        end
        (key in have_warned) && return
        push!(have_warned, key)
    end
    print_with_color(warn_color(), io, prefix, str)
    if bt !== nothing
        show_backtrace(io, bt)
    end
    if filename !== nothing
        print(io, "\nwhile loading $filename, in expression starting on line $lineno")
    end
    println(io)
    return
end
warn(msg...; kw...) = warn(STDERR, msg...; kw...)

warn(io::IO, err::Exception; prefix="ERROR: ", kw...) =
    warn(io, sprint(buf->showerror(buf, err)), prefix=prefix; kw...)

warn(err::Exception; prefix="ERROR: ", kw...) =
    warn(STDERR, err, prefix=prefix; kw...)

function julia_cmd(julia=joinpath(JULIA_HOME, julia_exename()))
    opts = JLOptions()
    cpu_target = unsafe_string(opts.cpu_target)
    image_file = unsafe_string(opts.image_file)
    compile = if opts.compile_enabled == 0
                  "no"
              elseif opts.compile_enabled == 2
                  "all"
              elseif opts.compile_enabled == 3
                  "min"
              else
                  "yes"
              end
    depwarn = if opts.depwarn == 0
                  "no"
              elseif opts.depwarn == 2
                  "error"
              else
                  "yes"
              end
    `$julia -C$cpu_target -J$image_file --compile=$compile --depwarn=$depwarn`
end

julia_exename() = ccall(:jl_is_debugbuild,Cint,())==0 ? "julia" : "julia-debug"

"""
    securezero!(o)

`securezero!` fills the memory associated with an object `o` with zeros.
Unlike `fill!(o,0)` and similar code, which might be optimized away by
the compiler for objects about to be discarded, the `securezero!` function
will always be called.
"""
function securezero! end
@noinline securezero!{T<:Number}(a::AbstractArray{T}) = fill!(a, 0)
securezero!(s::String) = securezero!(s.data)
@noinline unsafe_securezero!{T}(p::Ptr{T}, len::Integer=1) =
    ccall(:memset, Ptr{T}, (Ptr{T}, Cint, Csize_t), p, 0, len*sizeof(T))
unsafe_securezero!(p::Ptr{Void}, len::Integer=1) = Ptr{Void}(unsafe_securezero!(Ptr{UInt8}(p), len))

if is_windows()
function getpass(prompt::AbstractString)
    print(prompt)
    flush(STDOUT)
    p = Array{UInt8}(128) # mimic Unix getpass in ignoring more than 128-char passwords
                          # (also avoids any potential memory copies arising from push!)
    try
        plen = 0
        while true
            c = ccall(:_getch, UInt8, ())
            if c == 0xff || c == UInt8('\n') || c == UInt8('\r')
                break # EOF or return
            elseif c == 0x00 || c == 0xe0
                ccall(:_getch, UInt8, ()) # ignore function/arrow keys
            elseif c == UInt8('\b') && plen > 0
                plen -= 1 # delete last character on backspace
            elseif !iscntrl(Char(c)) && plen < 128
                p[plen += 1] = c
            end
        end
        return unsafe_string(pointer(p), plen) # use unsafe_string rather than String(p[1:plen])
                                               # to be absolutely certain we never make an extra copy
    finally
        securezero!(p)
    end

    return ""
end
else
getpass(prompt::AbstractString) = unsafe_string(ccall(:getpass, Cstring, (Cstring,), prompt))
end

# Windows authentication prompt
if is_windows()
    immutable CREDUI_INFO
        cbSize::UInt32
        parent::Ptr{Void}
        pszMessageText::Ptr{UInt16}
        pszCaptionText::Ptr{UInt16}
        banner::Ptr{Void}
    end

    const CREDUIWIN_GENERIC                 = 0x0001
    const CREDUIWIN_IN_CRED_ONLY            = 0x0020
    const CREDUIWIN_ENUMERATE_CURRENT_USER  = 0x0200

    const CRED_PACK_GENERIC_CREDENTIALS     = 0x0004

    const ERROR_SUCCESS                     = 0x0000
    const ERROR_CANCELLED                   = 0x04c7

    function winprompt(message, caption, default_username; prompt_username = true)
        # Step 1: Create an encrypted username/password bundle that will be used to set
        #         the default username (in theory could also provide a default password)
        credbuf = Array{UInt8,1}(1024)
        credbufsize = Ref{UInt32}(sizeof(credbuf))
        succeeded = ccall((:CredPackAuthenticationBufferW, "credui.dll"), stdcall, Bool,
            (UInt32, Cwstring, Cwstring, Ptr{UInt8}, Ptr{UInt32}),
             CRED_PACK_GENERIC_CREDENTIALS, default_username, "", credbuf, credbufsize)
        @assert succeeded

        # Step 2: Create the actual dialog
        #      2.1: Set up the window
        messageArr = Base.cwstring(message)
        captionArr = Base.cwstring(caption)
        pfSave = Ref{Bool}(false)
        cred = Ref{CREDUI_INFO}(CREDUI_INFO(sizeof(CREDUI_INFO), C_NULL, pointer(messageArr), pointer(captionArr), C_NULL))
        dwflags = CREDUIWIN_GENERIC | CREDUIWIN_ENUMERATE_CURRENT_USER
        if !prompt_username
            # Disable setting anything other than default_username
            dwflags |= CREDUIWIN_IN_CRED_ONLY
        end
        authPackage = Ref{Culong}(0)
        outbuf_data = Ref{Ptr{Void}}(C_NULL)
        outbuf_size = Ref{Culong}(0)

        #      2.2: Do the actual request
        code = ccall((:CredUIPromptForWindowsCredentialsW, "credui.dll"), stdcall, UInt32, (Ptr{CREDUI_INFO}, UInt32, Ptr{Culong},
            Ptr{Void}, Culong, Ptr{Ptr{Void}}, Ptr{Culong}, Ptr{Bool}, UInt32), cred, 0, authPackage, credbuf, credbufsize[],
            outbuf_data, outbuf_size, pfSave, dwflags)

        #      2.3: If that failed for any reason other than the user canceling, error out.
        #           If the user canceled, just return a nullable
        if code == ERROR_CANCELLED
            return Nullable{Tuple{String,String}}()
        elseif code != ERROR_SUCCESS
            error(Base.Libc.FormatMessage(code))
        end

        # Step 3: Convert encrypted credentials back to plain text
        passbuf = Array{UInt16,1}(1024)
        passlen = Ref{UInt32}(length(passbuf))
        usernamebuf = Array{UInt16,1}(1024)
        usernamelen = Ref{UInt32}(length(usernamebuf))
        # Need valid buffers for domain, even though we don't care
        dummybuf = Array{UInt16,1}(1024)
        succeeded = ccall((:CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW, "credui.dll"), Bool,
            (UInt32, Ptr{Void}, UInt32, Ptr{UInt16}, Ptr{UInt32}, Ptr{UInt16}, Ptr{UInt32}, Ptr{UInt16}, Ptr{UInt32}),
            0, outbuf_data[], outbuf_size[], usernamebuf, usernamelen, dummybuf, Ref{UInt32}(1024), passbuf, passlen)
        if !succeeded
            error(Base.Libc.FormatMessage())
        end

        # Step 4: Free the encrypted buffer
        # ccall(:SecureZeroMemory, Ptr{Void}, (Ptr{Void}, Csize_t), outbuf_data[], outbuf_size[]) - not an actual function
        unsafe_securezero!(outbuf_data[], outbuf_size[])
        ccall((:CoTaskMemFree, "ole32.dll"), Void, (Ptr{Void},), outbuf_data[])

        # Done.
        passbuf_ = passbuf[1:passlen[]-1]
        result = Nullable((String(transcode(UInt8, usernamebuf[1:usernamelen[]-1])),
            String(transcode(UInt8, passbuf_))))
        securezero!(passbuf_)
        securezero!(passbuf)

        return result
    end

end