Before Ivy, it was only possible to call the `ViewContainerRef.createComponent` function with the ComponentFactory as the first argument. An instance of a `ComponentFactory` resolved via `ComponentFactoryResolver` contained a reference to an `NgModule` where the component is declared. As a result, the component maintained a DI connection with the module injector tree (by retrieving an instance of `NgModuleRef` internally), even when the custom injector was provided (we try to find a token in a custom injector first and consult module injector after that).

With Ivy, we expanded the `ViewContainerRef.createComponent` function API to support direct references to the Component classes without going through the factory resolution step. As a result, there was no connection to the NgModule that declares the component. Thus, if you provide a custom injector, this is the only injector that is taken into account.

This commit updates the logic for the factory-less case to try retrieving an instance of an `NgModuleRef` using the DI tree which `ViewContainerRef` belongs to. The `NgModuleRef` instance is then used to get a hold of a module injector tree. This brings the factory-less and factory-based logic to more consistent state.

Closes #44897.

PR Close #44966