Revision 93e38d8aaca361ef610a0e262aefc59d577c216f authored by Tony Kelman on 21 January 2016, 01:17:59 UTC, committed by Tony Kelman on 09 March 2016, 02:55:04 UTC
grammar fix in doc/manual/modules.rst (cherry picked from commit f06868db9aab949bb1690f1bfebabad916f2e313)
1 parent 05b1aed
rational.jl
# This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: http://julialang.org/license
immutable Rational{T<:Integer} <: Real
num::T
den::T
function Rational(num::Integer, den::Integer)
num == den == zero(T) && throw(ArgumentError("invalid rational: zero($T)//zero($T)"))
g = den < 0 ? -gcd(den, num) : gcd(den, num)
new(div(num, g), div(den, g))
end
end
Rational{T<:Integer}(n::T, d::T) = Rational{T}(n,d)
Rational(n::Integer, d::Integer) = Rational(promote(n,d)...)
Rational(n::Integer) = Rational(n,one(n))
function divgcd(x::Integer,y::Integer)
g = gcd(x,y)
div(x,g), div(y,g)
end
//(n::Integer, d::Integer ) = Rational(n,d)
function //(x::Rational, y::Integer )
xn,yn = divgcd(x.num,y)
xn//checked_mul(x.den,yn)
end
function //(x::Integer, y::Rational)
xn,yn = divgcd(x,y.num)
checked_mul(xn,y.den)//yn
end
function //(x::Rational, y::Rational)
xn,yn = divgcd(x.num,y.num)
xd,yd = divgcd(x.den,y.den)
checked_mul(xn,yd)//checked_mul(xd,yn)
end
//(x::Complex, y::Real ) = complex(real(x)//y,imag(x)//y)
function //(x::Number, y::Complex)
xr = complex(Rational(real(x)),Rational(imag(x)))
yr = complex(Rational(real(y)),Rational(imag(y)))
xr // yr
end
function //{Ra<:Rational,Rb<:Rational}(x::Complex{Ra}, y::Complex{Rb})
xy = x*y'
yy = real(y*y')
complex(real(xy)//yy, imag(xy)//yy)
end
//(X::AbstractArray, y::Number) = X .// y
.//(X::AbstractArray, y::Number) = reshape([ x // y for x in X ], size(X))
.//(y::Number, X::AbstractArray) = reshape([ y // x for x in X ], size(X))
function show(io::IO, x::Rational)
show(io, num(x))
print(io, "//")
show(io, den(x))
end
function read{T<:Integer}(s::IO, ::Type{Rational{T}})
r = read(s,T)
i = read(s,T)
r//i
end
function write(s::IO, z::Rational)
write(s,num(z),den(z))
end
convert{T<:Integer}(::Type{Rational{T}}, x::Rational) = Rational{T}(convert(T,x.num),convert(T,x.den))
convert{T<:Integer}(::Type{Rational{T}}, x::Integer) = Rational{T}(convert(T,x), convert(T,1))
convert(::Type{Rational}, x::Rational) = x
convert(::Type{Rational}, x::Integer) = convert(Rational{typeof(x)},x)
convert(::Type{Bool}, x::Rational) = x==0 ? false : x==1 ? true : throw(InexactError()) # to resolve ambiguity
convert{T<:Integer}(::Type{T}, x::Rational) = (isinteger(x) ? convert(T, x.num) : throw(InexactError()))
convert(::Type{AbstractFloat}, x::Rational) = float(x.num)/float(x.den)
function convert{T<:AbstractFloat,S}(::Type{T}, x::Rational{S})
P = promote_type(T,S)
convert(T, convert(P,x.num)/convert(P,x.den))
end
function convert{T<:Integer}(::Type{Rational{T}}, x::AbstractFloat)
r = rationalize(T, x, tol=0)
x == convert(typeof(x), r) || throw(InexactError())
r
end
convert(::Type{Rational}, x::Float64) = convert(Rational{Int64}, x)
convert(::Type{Rational}, x::Float32) = convert(Rational{Int}, x)
big{T<:Integer}(z::Complex{Rational{T}}) = Complex{Rational{BigInt}}(z)
big{T<:Integer,N}(x::AbstractArray{Complex{Rational{T}},N}) = convert(AbstractArray{Complex{Rational{BigInt}},N}, x)
promote_rule{T<:Integer,S<:Integer}(::Type{Rational{T}}, ::Type{S}) = Rational{promote_type(T,S)}
promote_rule{T<:Integer,S<:Integer}(::Type{Rational{T}}, ::Type{Rational{S}}) = Rational{promote_type(T,S)}
promote_rule{T<:Integer,S<:AbstractFloat}(::Type{Rational{T}}, ::Type{S}) = promote_type(T,S)
widen{T}(::Type{Rational{T}}) = Rational{widen(T)}
function rationalize{T<:Integer}(::Type{T}, x::AbstractFloat; tol::Real=eps(x))
tol < 0 && throw(ArgumentError("negative tolerance"))
isnan(x) && return zero(T)//zero(T)
isinf(x) && return (x < 0 ? -one(T) : one(T))//zero(T)
p, q = (x < 0 ? -one(T) : one(T)), zero(T)
pp, qq = zero(T), one(T)
x = abs(x)
a = trunc(x)
r = x-a
y = one(x)
nt, t, tt = tol, zero(tol), zero(tol)
while r > nt
try
ia = convert(T,a)
np = checked_add(checked_mul(ia,p),pp)
nq = checked_add(checked_mul(ia,q),qq)
p, pp = np, p
q, qq = nq, q
catch e
isa(e,InexactError) || isa(e,OverflowError) || rethrow(e)
return p // q
end
t, tt = nt, t
x, y = y, r
a, r = divrem(x,y)
nt = a*t + tt
end
# find optimal semiconvergent
# smallest a such that x-a*y < a*t+tt
a = cld(x-tt,y+t)
try
ia = convert(T,a)
np = checked_add(checked_mul(ia,p),pp)
nq = checked_add(checked_mul(ia,q),qq)
return np // nq
catch e
isa(e,InexactError) || isa(e,OverflowError) || rethrow(e)
return p // q
end
end
rationalize(x::AbstractFloat; kvs...) = rationalize(Int, x; kvs...)
num(x::Integer) = x
den(x::Integer) = one(x)
num(x::Rational) = x.num
den(x::Rational) = x.den
sign(x::Rational) = sign(x.num)
signbit(x::Rational) = signbit(x.num)
copysign(x::Rational, y::Real) = copysign(x.num,y) // x.den
copysign(x::Rational, y::Rational) = copysign(x.num,y.num) // x.den
typemin{T<:Integer}(::Type{Rational{T}}) = -one(T)//zero(T)
typemax{T<:Integer}(::Type{Rational{T}}) = one(T)//zero(T)
isinteger(x::Rational) = x.den == 1
-(x::Rational) = (-x.num) // x.den
function -{T<:Signed}(x::Rational{T})
x.num == typemin(T) && throw(OverflowError())
(-x.num) // x.den
end
function -{T<:Unsigned}(x::Rational{T})
x.num != zero(T) && throw(OverflowError())
x
end
for (op,chop) in ((:+,:checked_add), (:-,:checked_sub),
(:rem,:rem), (:mod,:mod))
@eval begin
function ($op)(x::Rational, y::Rational)
xd, yd = divgcd(x.den, y.den)
Rational(($chop)(checked_mul(x.num,yd), checked_mul(y.num,xd)), checked_mul(x.den,yd))
end
end
end
function *(x::Rational, y::Rational)
xn,yd = divgcd(x.num,y.den)
xd,yn = divgcd(x.den,y.num)
checked_mul(xn,yn) // checked_mul(xd,yd)
end
/(x::Rational, y::Rational) = x//y
/(x::Rational, z::Complex ) = inv(z/x)
fma(x::Rational, y::Rational, z::Rational) = x*y+z
==(x::Rational, y::Rational) = (x.den == y.den) & (x.num == y.num)
<( x::Rational, y::Rational) = x.den == y.den ? x.num < y.num :
widemul(x.num,y.den) < widemul(x.den,y.num)
<=(x::Rational, y::Rational) = x.den == y.den ? x.num <= y.num :
widemul(x.num,y.den) <= widemul(x.den,y.num)
==(x::Rational, y::Integer ) = (x.den == 1) & (x.num == y)
==(x::Integer , y::Rational) = y == x
<( x::Rational, y::Integer ) = x.num < widemul(x.den,y)
<( x::Integer , y::Rational) = widemul(x,y.den) < y.num
<=(x::Rational, y::Integer ) = x.num <= widemul(x.den,y)
<=(x::Integer , y::Rational) = widemul(x,y.den) <= y.num
function ==(x::AbstractFloat, q::Rational)
if isfinite(x)
(count_ones(q.den) == 1) & (x*q.den == q.num)
else
x == q.num/q.den
end
end
==(q::Rational, x::AbstractFloat) = x == q
for rel in (:<,:<=,:cmp)
for (Tx,Ty) in ((Rational,AbstractFloat), (AbstractFloat,Rational))
@eval function ($rel)(x::$Tx, y::$Ty)
if isnan(x) || isnan(y)
$(rel == :cmp ? :(throw(DomainError())) : :(return false))
end
xn, xp, xd = decompose(x)
yn, yp, yd = decompose(y)
if xd < 0
xn = -xn
xd = -xd
end
if yd < 0
yn = -yn
yd = -yd
end
xc, yc = widemul(xn,yd), widemul(yn,xd)
xs, ys = sign(xc), sign(yc)
if xs != ys
return ($rel)(xs,ys)
elseif xs == 0
# both are zero or ±Inf
return ($rel)(xn,yn)
end
xb, yb = ndigits0z(xc,2) + xp, ndigits0z(yc,2) + yp
if xb == yb
xc, yc = promote(xc,yc)
if xp > yp
xc = (xc<<(xp-yp))
else
yc = (yc<<(yp-xp))
end
return ($rel)(xc,yc)
else
return xc > 0 ? ($rel)(xb,yb) : ($rel)(yb,xb)
end
end
end
end
# needed to avoid ambiguity between ==(x::Real, z::Complex) and ==(x::Rational, y::Number)
==(z::Complex , x::Rational) = isreal(z) & (real(z) == x)
==(x::Rational, z::Complex ) = isreal(z) & (real(z) == x)
for op in (:div, :fld, :cld)
@eval begin
function ($op)(x::Rational, y::Integer )
xn,yn = divgcd(x.num,y)
($op)(xn, checked_mul(x.den,yn))
end
function ($op)(x::Integer, y::Rational)
xn,yn = divgcd(x,y.num)
($op)(checked_mul(xn,y.den), yn)
end
function ($op)(x::Rational, y::Rational)
xn,yn = divgcd(x.num,y.num)
xd,yd = divgcd(x.den,y.den)
($op)(checked_mul(xn,yd), checked_mul(xd,yn))
end
end
end
trunc{T}(::Type{T}, x::Rational) = convert(T,div(x.num,x.den))
floor{T}(::Type{T}, x::Rational) = convert(T,fld(x.num,x.den))
ceil{ T}(::Type{T}, x::Rational) = convert(T,cld(x.num,x.den))
function round{T}(::Type{T}, x::Rational, ::RoundingMode{:Nearest})
q,r = divrem(x.num,x.den)
s = abs(r) < (x.den+one(x.den)+iseven(q))>>1 ? q : q+copysign(one(q),x.num)
convert(T,s)
end
round{T}(::Type{T}, x::Rational) = round(T,x,RoundNearest)
function round{T}(::Type{T}, x::Rational, ::RoundingMode{:NearestTiesAway})
q,r = divrem(x.num,x.den)
s = abs(r) < (x.den+one(x.den))>>1 ? q : q+copysign(one(q),x.num)
convert(T,s)
end
function round{T}(::Type{T}, x::Rational, ::RoundingMode{:NearestTiesUp})
q,r = divrem(x.num,x.den)
s = abs(r) < (x.den+one(x.den)+(x.num<0))>>1 ? q : q+copysign(one(q),x.num)
convert(T,s)
end
trunc{T}(x::Rational{T}) = Rational(trunc(T,x))
floor{T}(x::Rational{T}) = Rational(floor(T,x))
ceil{ T}(x::Rational{T}) = Rational(ceil(T,x))
round{T}(x::Rational{T}) = Rational(round(T,x))
function ^(x::Rational, n::Integer)
n >= 0 ? power_by_squaring(x,n) : power_by_squaring(inv(x),-n)
end
^(x::Number, y::Rational) = x^(y.num/y.den)
^{T<:AbstractFloat}(x::T, y::Rational) = x^(convert(T,y.num)/y.den)
^{T<:AbstractFloat}(x::Complex{T}, y::Rational) = x^(convert(T,y.num)/y.den)
^{T<:Rational}(z::Complex{T}, n::Bool) = n ? z : one(z) # to resolve ambiguity
function ^{T<:Rational}(z::Complex{T}, n::Integer)
n >= 0 ? power_by_squaring(z,n) : power_by_squaring(inv(z),-n)
end
![swh spinner](/static/img/swh-spinner.gif)
Computing file changes ...