Revision d26d45253b78ec0a67003eea25bd08fceaa5b78c authored by Linus Torvalds on 22 January 2013, 18:30:49 UTC, committed by Linus Torvalds on 22 January 2013, 18:30:49 UTC
Pull ftrace fix from Steven Rostedt: "Kprobes now uses the function tracer if it can. That is, if a probe is placed on a function mcount/nop location, and the arch supports it, instead of adding a breakpoint, kprobes will register a function callback as that is much more efficient. The function tracer requires to update modules before they run, and uses the module notifier to do so. But if something else in the module notifiers registers a kprobe at one of these locations, before ftrace can get to it, then the system could fail. The function tracer must be initialized early, otherwise module notifiers that probe will only work by chance." * tag 'trace-3.8-rc4-fix' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: ftrace: Be first to run code modification on modules
hw_breakpoint.c
/*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*
* Copyright (C) 2007 Alan Stern
* Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2009
* Copyright (C) 2009, Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
*
* Thanks to Ingo Molnar for his many suggestions.
*
* Authors: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
* K.Prasad <prasad@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
* Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
*/
/*
* HW_breakpoint: a unified kernel/user-space hardware breakpoint facility,
* using the CPU's debug registers.
* This file contains the arch-independent routines.
*/
#include <linux/irqflags.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/kdebug.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
/*
* Constraints data
*/
/* Number of pinned cpu breakpoints in a cpu */
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, nr_cpu_bp_pinned[TYPE_MAX]);
/* Number of pinned task breakpoints in a cpu */
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int *, nr_task_bp_pinned[TYPE_MAX]);
/* Number of non-pinned cpu/task breakpoints in a cpu */
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, nr_bp_flexible[TYPE_MAX]);
static int nr_slots[TYPE_MAX];
/* Keep track of the breakpoints attached to tasks */
static LIST_HEAD(bp_task_head);
static int constraints_initialized;
/* Gather the number of total pinned and un-pinned bp in a cpuset */
struct bp_busy_slots {
unsigned int pinned;
unsigned int flexible;
};
/* Serialize accesses to the above constraints */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(nr_bp_mutex);
__weak int hw_breakpoint_weight(struct perf_event *bp)
{
return 1;
}
static inline enum bp_type_idx find_slot_idx(struct perf_event *bp)
{
if (bp->attr.bp_type & HW_BREAKPOINT_RW)
return TYPE_DATA;
return TYPE_INST;
}
/*
* Report the maximum number of pinned breakpoints a task
* have in this cpu
*/
static unsigned int max_task_bp_pinned(int cpu, enum bp_type_idx type)
{
int i;
unsigned int *tsk_pinned = per_cpu(nr_task_bp_pinned[type], cpu);
for (i = nr_slots[type] - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (tsk_pinned[i] > 0)
return i + 1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Count the number of breakpoints of the same type and same task.
* The given event must be not on the list.
*/
static int task_bp_pinned(int cpu, struct perf_event *bp, enum bp_type_idx type)
{
struct task_struct *tsk = bp->hw.bp_target;
struct perf_event *iter;
int count = 0;
list_for_each_entry(iter, &bp_task_head, hw.bp_list) {
if (iter->hw.bp_target == tsk &&
find_slot_idx(iter) == type &&
cpu == iter->cpu)
count += hw_breakpoint_weight(iter);
}
return count;
}
/*
* Report the number of pinned/un-pinned breakpoints we have in
* a given cpu (cpu > -1) or in all of them (cpu = -1).
*/
static void
fetch_bp_busy_slots(struct bp_busy_slots *slots, struct perf_event *bp,
enum bp_type_idx type)
{
int cpu = bp->cpu;
struct task_struct *tsk = bp->hw.bp_target;
if (cpu >= 0) {
slots->pinned = per_cpu(nr_cpu_bp_pinned[type], cpu);
if (!tsk)
slots->pinned += max_task_bp_pinned(cpu, type);
else
slots->pinned += task_bp_pinned(cpu, bp, type);
slots->flexible = per_cpu(nr_bp_flexible[type], cpu);
return;
}
for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
unsigned int nr;
nr = per_cpu(nr_cpu_bp_pinned[type], cpu);
if (!tsk)
nr += max_task_bp_pinned(cpu, type);
else
nr += task_bp_pinned(cpu, bp, type);
if (nr > slots->pinned)
slots->pinned = nr;
nr = per_cpu(nr_bp_flexible[type], cpu);
if (nr > slots->flexible)
slots->flexible = nr;
}
}
/*
* For now, continue to consider flexible as pinned, until we can
* ensure no flexible event can ever be scheduled before a pinned event
* in a same cpu.
*/
static void
fetch_this_slot(struct bp_busy_slots *slots, int weight)
{
slots->pinned += weight;
}
/*
* Add a pinned breakpoint for the given task in our constraint table
*/
static void toggle_bp_task_slot(struct perf_event *bp, int cpu, bool enable,
enum bp_type_idx type, int weight)
{
unsigned int *tsk_pinned;
int old_count = 0;
int old_idx = 0;
int idx = 0;
old_count = task_bp_pinned(cpu, bp, type);
old_idx = old_count - 1;
idx = old_idx + weight;
/* tsk_pinned[n] is the number of tasks having n breakpoints */
tsk_pinned = per_cpu(nr_task_bp_pinned[type], cpu);
if (enable) {
tsk_pinned[idx]++;
if (old_count > 0)
tsk_pinned[old_idx]--;
} else {
tsk_pinned[idx]--;
if (old_count > 0)
tsk_pinned[old_idx]++;
}
}
/*
* Add/remove the given breakpoint in our constraint table
*/
static void
toggle_bp_slot(struct perf_event *bp, bool enable, enum bp_type_idx type,
int weight)
{
int cpu = bp->cpu;
struct task_struct *tsk = bp->hw.bp_target;
/* Pinned counter cpu profiling */
if (!tsk) {
if (enable)
per_cpu(nr_cpu_bp_pinned[type], bp->cpu) += weight;
else
per_cpu(nr_cpu_bp_pinned[type], bp->cpu) -= weight;
return;
}
/* Pinned counter task profiling */
if (!enable)
list_del(&bp->hw.bp_list);
if (cpu >= 0) {
toggle_bp_task_slot(bp, cpu, enable, type, weight);
} else {
for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
toggle_bp_task_slot(bp, cpu, enable, type, weight);
}
if (enable)
list_add_tail(&bp->hw.bp_list, &bp_task_head);
}
/*
* Function to perform processor-specific cleanup during unregistration
*/
__weak void arch_unregister_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
{
/*
* A weak stub function here for those archs that don't define
* it inside arch/.../kernel/hw_breakpoint.c
*/
}
/*
* Contraints to check before allowing this new breakpoint counter:
*
* == Non-pinned counter == (Considered as pinned for now)
*
* - If attached to a single cpu, check:
*
* (per_cpu(nr_bp_flexible, cpu) || (per_cpu(nr_cpu_bp_pinned, cpu)
* + max(per_cpu(nr_task_bp_pinned, cpu)))) < HBP_NUM
*
* -> If there are already non-pinned counters in this cpu, it means
* there is already a free slot for them.
* Otherwise, we check that the maximum number of per task
* breakpoints (for this cpu) plus the number of per cpu breakpoint
* (for this cpu) doesn't cover every registers.
*
* - If attached to every cpus, check:
*
* (per_cpu(nr_bp_flexible, *) || (max(per_cpu(nr_cpu_bp_pinned, *))
* + max(per_cpu(nr_task_bp_pinned, *)))) < HBP_NUM
*
* -> This is roughly the same, except we check the number of per cpu
* bp for every cpu and we keep the max one. Same for the per tasks
* breakpoints.
*
*
* == Pinned counter ==
*
* - If attached to a single cpu, check:
*
* ((per_cpu(nr_bp_flexible, cpu) > 1) + per_cpu(nr_cpu_bp_pinned, cpu)
* + max(per_cpu(nr_task_bp_pinned, cpu))) < HBP_NUM
*
* -> Same checks as before. But now the nr_bp_flexible, if any, must keep
* one register at least (or they will never be fed).
*
* - If attached to every cpus, check:
*
* ((per_cpu(nr_bp_flexible, *) > 1) + max(per_cpu(nr_cpu_bp_pinned, *))
* + max(per_cpu(nr_task_bp_pinned, *))) < HBP_NUM
*/
static int __reserve_bp_slot(struct perf_event *bp)
{
struct bp_busy_slots slots = {0};
enum bp_type_idx type;
int weight;
/* We couldn't initialize breakpoint constraints on boot */
if (!constraints_initialized)
return -ENOMEM;
/* Basic checks */
if (bp->attr.bp_type == HW_BREAKPOINT_EMPTY ||
bp->attr.bp_type == HW_BREAKPOINT_INVALID)
return -EINVAL;
type = find_slot_idx(bp);
weight = hw_breakpoint_weight(bp);
fetch_bp_busy_slots(&slots, bp, type);
/*
* Simulate the addition of this breakpoint to the constraints
* and see the result.
*/
fetch_this_slot(&slots, weight);
/* Flexible counters need to keep at least one slot */
if (slots.pinned + (!!slots.flexible) > nr_slots[type])
return -ENOSPC;
toggle_bp_slot(bp, true, type, weight);
return 0;
}
int reserve_bp_slot(struct perf_event *bp)
{
int ret;
mutex_lock(&nr_bp_mutex);
ret = __reserve_bp_slot(bp);
mutex_unlock(&nr_bp_mutex);
return ret;
}
static void __release_bp_slot(struct perf_event *bp)
{
enum bp_type_idx type;
int weight;
type = find_slot_idx(bp);
weight = hw_breakpoint_weight(bp);
toggle_bp_slot(bp, false, type, weight);
}
void release_bp_slot(struct perf_event *bp)
{
mutex_lock(&nr_bp_mutex);
arch_unregister_hw_breakpoint(bp);
__release_bp_slot(bp);
mutex_unlock(&nr_bp_mutex);
}
/*
* Allow the kernel debugger to reserve breakpoint slots without
* taking a lock using the dbg_* variant of for the reserve and
* release breakpoint slots.
*/
int dbg_reserve_bp_slot(struct perf_event *bp)
{
if (mutex_is_locked(&nr_bp_mutex))
return -1;
return __reserve_bp_slot(bp);
}
int dbg_release_bp_slot(struct perf_event *bp)
{
if (mutex_is_locked(&nr_bp_mutex))
return -1;
__release_bp_slot(bp);
return 0;
}
static int validate_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
{
int ret;
ret = arch_validate_hwbkpt_settings(bp);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (arch_check_bp_in_kernelspace(bp)) {
if (bp->attr.exclude_kernel)
return -EINVAL;
/*
* Don't let unprivileged users set a breakpoint in the trap
* path to avoid trap recursion attacks.
*/
if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
return -EPERM;
}
return 0;
}
int register_perf_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
{
int ret;
ret = reserve_bp_slot(bp);
if (ret)
return ret;
ret = validate_hw_breakpoint(bp);
/* if arch_validate_hwbkpt_settings() fails then release bp slot */
if (ret)
release_bp_slot(bp);
return ret;
}
/**
* register_user_hw_breakpoint - register a hardware breakpoint for user space
* @attr: breakpoint attributes
* @triggered: callback to trigger when we hit the breakpoint
* @tsk: pointer to 'task_struct' of the process to which the address belongs
*/
struct perf_event *
register_user_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
perf_overflow_handler_t triggered,
void *context,
struct task_struct *tsk)
{
return perf_event_create_kernel_counter(attr, -1, tsk, triggered,
context);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_user_hw_breakpoint);
/**
* modify_user_hw_breakpoint - modify a user-space hardware breakpoint
* @bp: the breakpoint structure to modify
* @attr: new breakpoint attributes
* @triggered: callback to trigger when we hit the breakpoint
* @tsk: pointer to 'task_struct' of the process to which the address belongs
*/
int modify_user_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp, struct perf_event_attr *attr)
{
u64 old_addr = bp->attr.bp_addr;
u64 old_len = bp->attr.bp_len;
int old_type = bp->attr.bp_type;
int err = 0;
/*
* modify_user_hw_breakpoint can be invoked with IRQs disabled and hence it
* will not be possible to raise IPIs that invoke __perf_event_disable.
* So call the function directly after making sure we are targeting the
* current task.
*/
if (irqs_disabled() && bp->ctx && bp->ctx->task == current)
__perf_event_disable(bp);
else
perf_event_disable(bp);
bp->attr.bp_addr = attr->bp_addr;
bp->attr.bp_type = attr->bp_type;
bp->attr.bp_len = attr->bp_len;
if (attr->disabled)
goto end;
err = validate_hw_breakpoint(bp);
if (!err)
perf_event_enable(bp);
if (err) {
bp->attr.bp_addr = old_addr;
bp->attr.bp_type = old_type;
bp->attr.bp_len = old_len;
if (!bp->attr.disabled)
perf_event_enable(bp);
return err;
}
end:
bp->attr.disabled = attr->disabled;
return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(modify_user_hw_breakpoint);
/**
* unregister_hw_breakpoint - unregister a user-space hardware breakpoint
* @bp: the breakpoint structure to unregister
*/
void unregister_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
{
if (!bp)
return;
perf_event_release_kernel(bp);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_hw_breakpoint);
/**
* register_wide_hw_breakpoint - register a wide breakpoint in the kernel
* @attr: breakpoint attributes
* @triggered: callback to trigger when we hit the breakpoint
*
* @return a set of per_cpu pointers to perf events
*/
struct perf_event * __percpu *
register_wide_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
perf_overflow_handler_t triggered,
void *context)
{
struct perf_event * __percpu *cpu_events, **pevent, *bp;
long err;
int cpu;
cpu_events = alloc_percpu(typeof(*cpu_events));
if (!cpu_events)
return (void __percpu __force *)ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
get_online_cpus();
for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
pevent = per_cpu_ptr(cpu_events, cpu);
bp = perf_event_create_kernel_counter(attr, cpu, NULL,
triggered, context);
*pevent = bp;
if (IS_ERR(bp)) {
err = PTR_ERR(bp);
goto fail;
}
}
put_online_cpus();
return cpu_events;
fail:
for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
pevent = per_cpu_ptr(cpu_events, cpu);
if (IS_ERR(*pevent))
break;
unregister_hw_breakpoint(*pevent);
}
put_online_cpus();
free_percpu(cpu_events);
return (void __percpu __force *)ERR_PTR(err);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_wide_hw_breakpoint);
/**
* unregister_wide_hw_breakpoint - unregister a wide breakpoint in the kernel
* @cpu_events: the per cpu set of events to unregister
*/
void unregister_wide_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event * __percpu *cpu_events)
{
int cpu;
struct perf_event **pevent;
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
pevent = per_cpu_ptr(cpu_events, cpu);
unregister_hw_breakpoint(*pevent);
}
free_percpu(cpu_events);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_wide_hw_breakpoint);
static struct notifier_block hw_breakpoint_exceptions_nb = {
.notifier_call = hw_breakpoint_exceptions_notify,
/* we need to be notified first */
.priority = 0x7fffffff
};
static void bp_perf_event_destroy(struct perf_event *event)
{
release_bp_slot(event);
}
static int hw_breakpoint_event_init(struct perf_event *bp)
{
int err;
if (bp->attr.type != PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT)
return -ENOENT;
/*
* no branch sampling for breakpoint events
*/
if (has_branch_stack(bp))
return -EOPNOTSUPP;
err = register_perf_hw_breakpoint(bp);
if (err)
return err;
bp->destroy = bp_perf_event_destroy;
return 0;
}
static int hw_breakpoint_add(struct perf_event *bp, int flags)
{
if (!(flags & PERF_EF_START))
bp->hw.state = PERF_HES_STOPPED;
return arch_install_hw_breakpoint(bp);
}
static void hw_breakpoint_del(struct perf_event *bp, int flags)
{
arch_uninstall_hw_breakpoint(bp);
}
static void hw_breakpoint_start(struct perf_event *bp, int flags)
{
bp->hw.state = 0;
}
static void hw_breakpoint_stop(struct perf_event *bp, int flags)
{
bp->hw.state = PERF_HES_STOPPED;
}
static int hw_breakpoint_event_idx(struct perf_event *bp)
{
return 0;
}
static struct pmu perf_breakpoint = {
.task_ctx_nr = perf_sw_context, /* could eventually get its own */
.event_init = hw_breakpoint_event_init,
.add = hw_breakpoint_add,
.del = hw_breakpoint_del,
.start = hw_breakpoint_start,
.stop = hw_breakpoint_stop,
.read = hw_breakpoint_pmu_read,
.event_idx = hw_breakpoint_event_idx,
};
int __init init_hw_breakpoint(void)
{
unsigned int **task_bp_pinned;
int cpu, err_cpu;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < TYPE_MAX; i++)
nr_slots[i] = hw_breakpoint_slots(i);
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
for (i = 0; i < TYPE_MAX; i++) {
task_bp_pinned = &per_cpu(nr_task_bp_pinned[i], cpu);
*task_bp_pinned = kzalloc(sizeof(int) * nr_slots[i],
GFP_KERNEL);
if (!*task_bp_pinned)
goto err_alloc;
}
}
constraints_initialized = 1;
perf_pmu_register(&perf_breakpoint, "breakpoint", PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT);
return register_die_notifier(&hw_breakpoint_exceptions_nb);
err_alloc:
for_each_possible_cpu(err_cpu) {
for (i = 0; i < TYPE_MAX; i++)
kfree(per_cpu(nr_task_bp_pinned[i], cpu));
if (err_cpu == cpu)
break;
}
return -ENOMEM;
}
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