Revision e2093926a098a8ccf0f1d10f6df8dad452cb28d3 authored by Ross Zwisler on 02 June 2017, 21:46:37 UTC, committed by Linus Torvalds on 02 June 2017, 22:07:37 UTC
We currently have two related PMD vs PTE races in the DAX code.  These
can both be easily triggered by having two threads reading and writing
simultaneously to the same private mapping, with the key being that
private mapping reads can be handled with PMDs but private mapping
writes are always handled with PTEs so that we can COW.

Here is the first race:

  CPU 0					CPU 1

  (private mapping write)
  __handle_mm_fault()
    create_huge_pmd() - FALLBACK
    handle_pte_fault()
      passes check for pmd_devmap()

					(private mapping read)
					__handle_mm_fault()
					  create_huge_pmd()
					    dax_iomap_pmd_fault() inserts PMD

      dax_iomap_pte_fault() does a PTE fault, but we already have a DAX PMD
      			  installed in our page tables at this spot.

Here's the second race:

  CPU 0					CPU 1

  (private mapping read)
  __handle_mm_fault()
    passes check for pmd_none()
    create_huge_pmd()
      dax_iomap_pmd_fault() inserts PMD

  (private mapping write)
  __handle_mm_fault()
    create_huge_pmd() - FALLBACK
					(private mapping read)
					__handle_mm_fault()
					  passes check for pmd_none()
					  create_huge_pmd()

    handle_pte_fault()
      dax_iomap_pte_fault() inserts PTE
					    dax_iomap_pmd_fault() inserts PMD,
					       but we already have a PTE at
					       this spot.

The core of the issue is that while there is isolation between faults to
the same range in the DAX fault handlers via our DAX entry locking,
there is no isolation between faults in the code in mm/memory.c.  This
means for instance that this code in __handle_mm_fault() can run:

	if (pmd_none(*vmf.pmd) && transparent_hugepage_enabled(vma)) {
		ret = create_huge_pmd(&vmf);

But by the time we actually get to run the fault handler called by
create_huge_pmd(), the PMD is no longer pmd_none() because a racing PTE
fault has installed a normal PMD here as a parent.  This is the cause of
the 2nd race.  The first race is similar - there is the following check
in handle_pte_fault():

	} else {
		/* See comment in pte_alloc_one_map() */
		if (pmd_devmap(*vmf->pmd) || pmd_trans_unstable(vmf->pmd))
			return 0;

So if a pmd_devmap() PMD (a DAX PMD) has been installed at vmf->pmd, we
will bail and retry the fault.  This is correct, but there is nothing
preventing the PMD from being installed after this check but before we
actually get to the DAX PTE fault handlers.

In my testing these races result in the following types of errors:

  BUG: Bad rss-counter state mm:ffff8800a817d280 idx:1 val:1
  BUG: non-zero nr_ptes on freeing mm: 15

Fix this issue by having the DAX fault handlers verify that it is safe
to continue their fault after they have taken an entry lock to block
other racing faults.

[ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com: improve fix for colliding PMD & PTE entries]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170526195932.32178-1-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170522215749.23516-2-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Pawel Lebioda <pawel.lebioda@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: "Darrick J. Wong" <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Pawel Lebioda <pawel.lebioda@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Xiong Zhou <xzhou@redhat.com>
Cc: Eryu Guan <eguan@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
1 parent d0f0931
Raw File
Makefile.build
# ==========================================================================
# Building
# ==========================================================================

src := $(obj)

PHONY := __build
__build:

# Init all relevant variables used in kbuild files so
# 1) they have correct type
# 2) they do not inherit any value from the environment
obj-y :=
obj-m :=
lib-y :=
lib-m :=
always :=
targets :=
subdir-y :=
subdir-m :=
EXTRA_AFLAGS   :=
EXTRA_CFLAGS   :=
EXTRA_CPPFLAGS :=
EXTRA_LDFLAGS  :=
asflags-y  :=
ccflags-y  :=
cppflags-y :=
ldflags-y  :=

subdir-asflags-y :=
subdir-ccflags-y :=

# Read auto.conf if it exists, otherwise ignore
-include include/config/auto.conf

include scripts/Kbuild.include

# For backward compatibility check that these variables do not change
save-cflags := $(CFLAGS)

# The filename Kbuild has precedence over Makefile
kbuild-dir := $(if $(filter /%,$(src)),$(src),$(srctree)/$(src))
kbuild-file := $(if $(wildcard $(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild),$(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild,$(kbuild-dir)/Makefile)
include $(kbuild-file)

# If the save-* variables changed error out
ifeq ($(KBUILD_NOPEDANTIC),)
        ifneq ("$(save-cflags)","$(CFLAGS)")
                $(error CFLAGS was changed in "$(kbuild-file)". Fix it to use ccflags-y)
        endif
endif

include scripts/Makefile.lib

ifdef host-progs
ifneq ($(hostprogs-y),$(host-progs))
$(warning kbuild: $(obj)/Makefile - Usage of host-progs is deprecated. Please replace with hostprogs-y!)
hostprogs-y += $(host-progs)
endif
endif

# Do not include host rules unless needed
ifneq ($(hostprogs-y)$(hostprogs-m)$(hostlibs-y)$(hostlibs-m)$(hostcxxlibs-y)$(hostcxxlibs-m),)
include scripts/Makefile.host
endif

ifneq ($(KBUILD_SRC),)
# Create output directory if not already present
_dummy := $(shell [ -d $(obj) ] || mkdir -p $(obj))

# Create directories for object files if directory does not exist
# Needed when obj-y := dir/file.o syntax is used
_dummy := $(foreach d,$(obj-dirs), $(shell [ -d $(d) ] || mkdir -p $(d)))
endif

ifndef obj
$(warning kbuild: Makefile.build is included improperly)
endif

# ===========================================================================

ifneq ($(strip $(lib-y) $(lib-m) $(lib-)),)
lib-target := $(obj)/lib.a
obj-y += $(obj)/lib-ksyms.o
endif

ifneq ($(strip $(obj-y) $(obj-m) $(obj-) $(subdir-m) $(lib-target)),)
builtin-target := $(obj)/built-in.o
endif

modorder-target := $(obj)/modules.order

# We keep a list of all modules in $(MODVERDIR)

__build: $(if $(KBUILD_BUILTIN),$(builtin-target) $(lib-target) $(extra-y)) \
	 $(if $(KBUILD_MODULES),$(obj-m) $(modorder-target)) \
	 $(subdir-ym) $(always)
	@:

# Linus' kernel sanity checking tool
ifneq ($(KBUILD_CHECKSRC),0)
  ifeq ($(KBUILD_CHECKSRC),2)
    quiet_cmd_force_checksrc = CHECK   $<
          cmd_force_checksrc = $(CHECK) $(CHECKFLAGS) $(c_flags) $< ;
  else
      quiet_cmd_checksrc     = CHECK   $<
            cmd_checksrc     = $(CHECK) $(CHECKFLAGS) $(c_flags) $< ;
  endif
endif

# Do section mismatch analysis for each module/built-in.o
ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH
  cmd_secanalysis = ; scripts/mod/modpost $@
endif

# Compile C sources (.c)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Default is built-in, unless we know otherwise
modkern_cflags =                                          \
	$(if $(part-of-module),                           \
		$(KBUILD_CFLAGS_MODULE) $(CFLAGS_MODULE), \
		$(KBUILD_CFLAGS_KERNEL) $(CFLAGS_KERNEL))
quiet_modtag := $(empty)   $(empty)

$(real-objs-m)        : part-of-module := y
$(real-objs-m:.o=.i)  : part-of-module := y
$(real-objs-m:.o=.s)  : part-of-module := y
$(real-objs-m:.o=.lst): part-of-module := y

$(real-objs-m)        : quiet_modtag := [M]
$(real-objs-m:.o=.i)  : quiet_modtag := [M]
$(real-objs-m:.o=.s)  : quiet_modtag := [M]
$(real-objs-m:.o=.lst): quiet_modtag := [M]

$(obj-m)              : quiet_modtag := [M]

# Default for not multi-part modules
modname = $(basetarget)

$(multi-objs-m)         : modname = $(modname-multi)
$(multi-objs-m:.o=.i)   : modname = $(modname-multi)
$(multi-objs-m:.o=.s)   : modname = $(modname-multi)
$(multi-objs-m:.o=.lst) : modname = $(modname-multi)
$(multi-objs-y)         : modname = $(modname-multi)
$(multi-objs-y:.o=.i)   : modname = $(modname-multi)
$(multi-objs-y:.o=.s)   : modname = $(modname-multi)
$(multi-objs-y:.o=.lst) : modname = $(modname-multi)

quiet_cmd_cc_s_c = CC $(quiet_modtag)  $@
cmd_cc_s_c       = $(CC) $(c_flags) $(DISABLE_LTO) -fverbose-asm -S -o $@ $<

$(obj)/%.s: $(src)/%.c FORCE
	$(call if_changed_dep,cc_s_c)

quiet_cmd_cpp_i_c = CPP $(quiet_modtag) $@
cmd_cpp_i_c       = $(CPP) $(c_flags) -o $@ $<

$(obj)/%.i: $(src)/%.c FORCE
	$(call if_changed_dep,cpp_i_c)

# These mirror gensymtypes_S and co below, keep them in synch.
cmd_gensymtypes_c =                                                         \
    $(CPP) -D__GENKSYMS__ $(c_flags) $< |                                   \
    $(GENKSYMS) $(if $(1), -T $(2))                                         \
     $(patsubst y,-s _,$(CONFIG_HAVE_UNDERSCORE_SYMBOL_PREFIX))             \
     $(patsubst y,-R,$(CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS))                             \
     $(if $(KBUILD_PRESERVE),-p)                                            \
     -r $(firstword $(wildcard $(2:.symtypes=.symref) /dev/null))

quiet_cmd_cc_symtypes_c = SYM $(quiet_modtag) $@
cmd_cc_symtypes_c =                                                         \
    set -e;                                                                 \
    $(call cmd_gensymtypes_c,true,$@) >/dev/null;                           \
    test -s $@ || rm -f $@

$(obj)/%.symtypes : $(src)/%.c FORCE
	$(call cmd,cc_symtypes_c)

# LLVM assembly
# Generate .ll files from .c
quiet_cmd_cc_ll_c = CC $(quiet_modtag)  $@
      cmd_cc_ll_c = $(CC) $(c_flags) -emit-llvm -S -o $@ $<

$(obj)/%.ll: $(src)/%.c FORCE
	$(call if_changed_dep,cc_ll_c)

# C (.c) files
# The C file is compiled and updated dependency information is generated.
# (See cmd_cc_o_c + relevant part of rule_cc_o_c)

quiet_cmd_cc_o_c = CC $(quiet_modtag)  $@

ifndef CONFIG_MODVERSIONS
cmd_cc_o_c = $(CC) $(c_flags) -c -o $@ $<

else
# When module versioning is enabled the following steps are executed:
# o compile a .tmp_<file>.o from <file>.c
# o if .tmp_<file>.o doesn't contain a __ksymtab version, i.e. does
#   not export symbols, we just rename .tmp_<file>.o to <file>.o and
#   are done.
# o otherwise, we calculate symbol versions using the good old
#   genksyms on the preprocessed source and postprocess them in a way
#   that they are usable as a linker script
# o generate <file>.o from .tmp_<file>.o using the linker to
#   replace the unresolved symbols __crc_exported_symbol with
#   the actual value of the checksum generated by genksyms

cmd_cc_o_c = $(CC) $(c_flags) -c -o $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) $<

cmd_modversions_c =								\
	if $(OBJDUMP) -h $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) | grep -q __ksymtab; then		\
		$(call cmd_gensymtypes_c,$(KBUILD_SYMTYPES),$(@:.o=.symtypes))	\
		    > $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F:.o=.ver);					\
										\
		$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -r -o $@ $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) 			\
			-T $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F:.o=.ver);				\
		rm -f $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F:.o=.ver);		\
	else									\
		mv -f $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) $@;					\
	fi;
endif

ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
ifdef BUILD_C_RECORDMCOUNT
ifeq ("$(origin RECORDMCOUNT_WARN)", "command line")
  RECORDMCOUNT_FLAGS = -w
endif
# Due to recursion, we must skip empty.o.
# The empty.o file is created in the make process in order to determine
#  the target endianness and word size. It is made before all other C
#  files, including recordmcount.
sub_cmd_record_mcount =					\
	if [ $(@) != "scripts/mod/empty.o" ]; then	\
		$(objtree)/scripts/recordmcount $(RECORDMCOUNT_FLAGS) "$(@)";	\
	fi;
recordmcount_source := $(srctree)/scripts/recordmcount.c \
		    $(srctree)/scripts/recordmcount.h
else
sub_cmd_record_mcount = set -e ; perl $(srctree)/scripts/recordmcount.pl "$(ARCH)" \
	"$(if $(CONFIG_CPU_BIG_ENDIAN),big,little)" \
	"$(if $(CONFIG_64BIT),64,32)" \
	"$(OBJDUMP)" "$(OBJCOPY)" "$(CC) $(KBUILD_CFLAGS)" \
	"$(LD)" "$(NM)" "$(RM)" "$(MV)" \
	"$(if $(part-of-module),1,0)" "$(@)";
recordmcount_source := $(srctree)/scripts/recordmcount.pl
endif
cmd_record_mcount =						\
	if [ "$(findstring $(CC_FLAGS_FTRACE),$(_c_flags))" =	\
	     "$(CC_FLAGS_FTRACE)" ]; then			\
		$(sub_cmd_record_mcount)			\
	fi;
endif

ifdef CONFIG_STACK_VALIDATION
ifneq ($(SKIP_STACK_VALIDATION),1)

__objtool_obj := $(objtree)/tools/objtool/objtool

objtool_args = check
ifndef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER
objtool_args += --no-fp
endif

# 'OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD := y': skip objtool checking for a directory
# 'OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_foo.o := 'y': skip objtool checking for a file
# 'OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_foo.o := 'n': override directory skip for a file
cmd_objtool = $(if $(patsubst y%,, \
	$(OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_$(basetarget).o)$(OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD)n), \
	$(__objtool_obj) $(objtool_args) "$(@)";)
objtool_obj = $(if $(patsubst y%,, \
	$(OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_$(basetarget).o)$(OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD)n), \
	$(__objtool_obj))

endif # SKIP_STACK_VALIDATION
endif # CONFIG_STACK_VALIDATION

define rule_cc_o_c
	$(call echo-cmd,checksrc) $(cmd_checksrc)			  \
	$(call cmd_and_fixdep,cc_o_c)					  \
	$(cmd_modversions_c)						  \
	$(call echo-cmd,objtool) $(cmd_objtool)				  \
	$(call echo-cmd,record_mcount) $(cmd_record_mcount)
endef

define rule_as_o_S
	$(call cmd_and_fixdep,as_o_S)					  \
	$(cmd_modversions_S)						  \
	$(call echo-cmd,objtool) $(cmd_objtool)
endef

# List module undefined symbols (or empty line if not enabled)
ifdef CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
cmd_undef_syms = $(NM) $@ | sed -n 's/^ \+U //p' | xargs echo
else
cmd_undef_syms = echo
endif

# Built-in and composite module parts
$(obj)/%.o: $(src)/%.c $(recordmcount_source) $(objtool_obj) FORCE
	$(call cmd,force_checksrc)
	$(call if_changed_rule,cc_o_c)

# Single-part modules are special since we need to mark them in $(MODVERDIR)

$(single-used-m): $(obj)/%.o: $(src)/%.c $(recordmcount_source) $(objtool_obj) FORCE
	$(call cmd,force_checksrc)
	$(call if_changed_rule,cc_o_c)
	@{ echo $(@:.o=.ko); echo $@; \
	   $(cmd_undef_syms); } > $(MODVERDIR)/$(@F:.o=.mod)

quiet_cmd_cc_lst_c = MKLST   $@
      cmd_cc_lst_c = $(CC) $(c_flags) -g -c -o $*.o $< && \
		     $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/makelst $*.o \
				     System.map $(OBJDUMP) > $@

$(obj)/%.lst: $(src)/%.c FORCE
	$(call if_changed_dep,cc_lst_c)

# Compile assembler sources (.S)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

modkern_aflags := $(KBUILD_AFLAGS_KERNEL) $(AFLAGS_KERNEL)

$(real-objs-m)      : modkern_aflags := $(KBUILD_AFLAGS_MODULE) $(AFLAGS_MODULE)
$(real-objs-m:.o=.s): modkern_aflags := $(KBUILD_AFLAGS_MODULE) $(AFLAGS_MODULE)

# .S file exports must have their C prototypes defined in asm/asm-prototypes.h
# or a file that it includes, in order to get versioned symbols. We build a
# dummy C file that includes asm-prototypes and the EXPORT_SYMBOL lines from
# the .S file (with trailing ';'), and run genksyms on that, to extract vers.
#
# This is convoluted. The .S file must first be preprocessed to run guards and
# expand names, then the resulting exports must be constructed into plain
# EXPORT_SYMBOL(symbol); to build our dummy C file, and that gets preprocessed
# to make the genksyms input.
#
# These mirror gensymtypes_c and co above, keep them in synch.
cmd_gensymtypes_S =                                                         \
    (echo "\#include <linux/kernel.h>" ;                                    \
     echo "\#include <asm/asm-prototypes.h>" ;                              \
    $(CPP) $(a_flags) $< |                                                  \
     grep "\<___EXPORT_SYMBOL\>" |                                          \
     sed 's/.*___EXPORT_SYMBOL[[:space:]]*\([a-zA-Z0-9_]*\)[[:space:]]*,.*/EXPORT_SYMBOL(\1);/' ) | \
    $(CPP) -D__GENKSYMS__ $(c_flags) -xc - |                                \
    $(GENKSYMS) $(if $(1), -T $(2))                                         \
     $(patsubst y,-s _,$(CONFIG_HAVE_UNDERSCORE_SYMBOL_PREFIX))             \
     $(patsubst y,-R,$(CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS))                             \
     $(if $(KBUILD_PRESERVE),-p)                                            \
     -r $(firstword $(wildcard $(2:.symtypes=.symref) /dev/null))

quiet_cmd_cc_symtypes_S = SYM $(quiet_modtag) $@
cmd_cc_symtypes_S =                                                         \
    set -e;                                                                 \
    $(call cmd_gensymtypes_S,true,$@) >/dev/null;                           \
    test -s $@ || rm -f $@

$(obj)/%.symtypes : $(src)/%.S FORCE
	$(call cmd,cc_symtypes_S)


quiet_cmd_cpp_s_S = CPP $(quiet_modtag) $@
cmd_cpp_s_S       = $(CPP) $(a_flags) -o $@ $<

$(obj)/%.s: $(src)/%.S FORCE
	$(call if_changed_dep,cpp_s_S)

quiet_cmd_as_o_S = AS $(quiet_modtag)  $@

ifndef CONFIG_MODVERSIONS
cmd_as_o_S = $(CC) $(a_flags) -c -o $@ $<

else

ASM_PROTOTYPES := $(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/include/asm/asm-prototypes.h)

ifeq ($(ASM_PROTOTYPES),)
cmd_as_o_S = $(CC) $(a_flags) -c -o $@ $<

else

# versioning matches the C process described above, with difference that
# we parse asm-prototypes.h C header to get function definitions.

cmd_as_o_S = $(CC) $(a_flags) -c -o $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) $<

cmd_modversions_S =								\
	if $(OBJDUMP) -h $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) | grep -q __ksymtab; then		\
		$(call cmd_gensymtypes_S,$(KBUILD_SYMTYPES),$(@:.o=.symtypes))	\
		    > $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F:.o=.ver);					\
										\
		$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -r -o $@ $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) 			\
			-T $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F:.o=.ver);				\
		rm -f $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F:.o=.ver);		\
	else									\
		mv -f $(@D)/.tmp_$(@F) $@;					\
	fi;
endif
endif

$(obj)/%.o: $(src)/%.S $(objtool_obj) FORCE
	$(call if_changed_rule,as_o_S)

targets += $(real-objs-y) $(real-objs-m) $(lib-y)
targets += $(extra-y) $(MAKECMDGOALS) $(always)

# Linker scripts preprocessor (.lds.S -> .lds)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
quiet_cmd_cpp_lds_S = LDS     $@
      cmd_cpp_lds_S = $(CPP) $(cpp_flags) -P -C -U$(ARCH) \
	                     -D__ASSEMBLY__ -DLINKER_SCRIPT -o $@ $<

$(obj)/%.lds: $(src)/%.lds.S FORCE
	$(call if_changed_dep,cpp_lds_S)

# ASN.1 grammar
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
quiet_cmd_asn1_compiler = ASN.1   $@
      cmd_asn1_compiler = $(objtree)/scripts/asn1_compiler $< \
				$(subst .h,.c,$@) $(subst .c,.h,$@)

.PRECIOUS: $(objtree)/$(obj)/%-asn1.c $(objtree)/$(obj)/%-asn1.h

$(obj)/%-asn1.c $(obj)/%-asn1.h: $(src)/%.asn1 $(objtree)/scripts/asn1_compiler
	$(call cmd,asn1_compiler)

# Build the compiled-in targets
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# To build objects in subdirs, we need to descend into the directories
$(sort $(subdir-obj-y)): $(subdir-ym) ;

#
# Rule to compile a set of .o files into one .o file
#
ifdef builtin-target

ifdef CONFIG_THIN_ARCHIVES
  cmd_make_builtin = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcST$(KBUILD_ARFLAGS)
  cmd_make_empty_builtin = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcST$(KBUILD_ARFLAGS)
  quiet_cmd_link_o_target = AR      $@
else
  cmd_make_builtin = $(LD) $(ld_flags) -r -o
  cmd_make_empty_builtin = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcs$(KBUILD_ARFLAGS)
  quiet_cmd_link_o_target = LD      $@
endif

# If the list of objects to link is empty, just create an empty built-in.o
cmd_link_o_target = $(if $(strip $(obj-y)),\
		      $(cmd_make_builtin) $@ $(filter $(obj-y), $^) \
		      $(cmd_secanalysis),\
		      $(cmd_make_empty_builtin) $@)

$(builtin-target): $(obj-y) FORCE
	$(call if_changed,link_o_target)

targets += $(builtin-target)
endif # builtin-target

#
# Rule to create modules.order file
#
# Create commands to either record .ko file or cat modules.order from
# a subdirectory
modorder-cmds =						\
	$(foreach m, $(modorder),			\
		$(if $(filter %/modules.order, $m),	\
			cat $m;, echo kernel/$m;))

$(modorder-target): $(subdir-ym) FORCE
	$(Q)(cat /dev/null; $(modorder-cmds)) > $@

#
# Rule to compile a set of .o files into one .a file
#
ifdef lib-target
quiet_cmd_link_l_target = AR      $@

ifdef CONFIG_THIN_ARCHIVES
  cmd_link_l_target = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcsT$(KBUILD_ARFLAGS) $@ $(lib-y)
else
  cmd_link_l_target = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcs$(KBUILD_ARFLAGS) $@ $(lib-y)
endif

$(lib-target): $(lib-y) FORCE
	$(call if_changed,link_l_target)

targets += $(lib-target)

dummy-object = $(obj)/.lib_exports.o
ksyms-lds = $(dot-target).lds
ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_UNDERSCORE_SYMBOL_PREFIX
ref_prefix = EXTERN(_
else
ref_prefix = EXTERN(
endif

quiet_cmd_export_list = EXPORTS $@
cmd_export_list = $(OBJDUMP) -h $< | \
	sed -ne '/___ksymtab/s/.*+\([^ ]*\).*/$(ref_prefix)\1)/p' >$(ksyms-lds);\
	rm -f $(dummy-object);\
	echo | $(CC) $(a_flags) -c -o $(dummy-object) -x assembler -;\
	$(LD) $(ld_flags) -r -o $@ -T $(ksyms-lds) $(dummy-object);\
	rm $(dummy-object) $(ksyms-lds)

$(obj)/lib-ksyms.o: $(lib-target) FORCE
	$(call if_changed,export_list)

targets += $(obj)/lib-ksyms.o

endif

#
# Rule to link composite objects
#
#  Composite objects are specified in kbuild makefile as follows:
#    <composite-object>-objs := <list of .o files>
#  or
#    <composite-object>-y    := <list of .o files>
#  or
#    <composite-object>-m    := <list of .o files>
#  The -m syntax only works if <composite object> is a module
link_multi_deps =                     \
$(filter $(addprefix $(obj)/,         \
$($(subst $(obj)/,,$(@:.o=-objs)))    \
$($(subst $(obj)/,,$(@:.o=-y)))       \
$($(subst $(obj)/,,$(@:.o=-m)))), $^)

cmd_link_multi-link = $(LD) $(ld_flags) -r -o $@ $(link_multi_deps) $(cmd_secanalysis)

ifdef CONFIG_THIN_ARCHIVES
  quiet_cmd_link_multi-y = AR      $@
  cmd_link_multi-y = rm -f $@; $(AR) rcST$(KBUILD_ARFLAGS) $@ $(link_multi_deps)
else
  quiet_cmd_link_multi-y = LD      $@
  cmd_link_multi-y = $(cmd_link_multi-link)
endif

quiet_cmd_link_multi-m = LD [M]  $@
cmd_link_multi-m = $(cmd_link_multi-link)

$(multi-used-y): FORCE
	$(call if_changed,link_multi-y)
$(call multi_depend, $(multi-used-y), .o, -objs -y)

$(multi-used-m): FORCE
	$(call if_changed,link_multi-m)
	@{ echo $(@:.o=.ko); echo $(link_multi_deps); \
	   $(cmd_undef_syms); } > $(MODVERDIR)/$(@F:.o=.mod)
$(call multi_depend, $(multi-used-m), .o, -objs -y -m)

targets += $(multi-used-y) $(multi-used-m)


# Descending
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

PHONY += $(subdir-ym)
$(subdir-ym):
	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$@

# Add FORCE to the prequisites of a target to force it to be always rebuilt.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

PHONY += FORCE

FORCE:

# Read all saved command lines and dependencies for the $(targets) we
# may be building above, using $(if_changed{,_dep}). As an
# optimization, we don't need to read them if the target does not
# exist, we will rebuild anyway in that case.

targets := $(wildcard $(sort $(targets)))
cmd_files := $(wildcard $(foreach f,$(targets),$(dir $(f)).$(notdir $(f)).cmd))

ifneq ($(cmd_files),)
  include $(cmd_files)
endif

# Declare the contents of the .PHONY variable as phony.  We keep that
# information in a variable se we can use it in if_changed and friends.

.PHONY: $(PHONY)
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