/**
* \file
* \copyright
* Copyright (c) 2012-2021, OpenGeoSys Community (http://www.opengeosys.org)
* Distributed under a Modified BSD License.
* See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or
* http://www.opengeosys.org/project/license
*
*/
#pragma once
#include "LocalAssemblerInterface.h"
#include "ProcessLib/Process.h"
#include "ThermoRichardsMechanicsProcessData.h"
namespace ProcessLib
{
namespace ThermoRichardsMechanics
{
/**
* \brief Global assembler for the monolithic scheme of the non-isothermal
* Richards flow coupled with mechanics.
*
* <b>Governing equations without vapor diffusion</b>
*
* The energy balance equation is given by
* \f[
* (\rho c_p)^{eff}\dot T -
* \nabla (\mathbf{k}_T^{eff} \nabla T)+\rho^l c_p^l \nabla T \cdot
* \mathbf{v}^l
* = Q_T
* \f]
* with\f$T\f$ the temperature, \f$(\rho c_p)^{eff}\f$ the effective
* volumetric heat
* capacity, \f$\mathbf{k}_T^{eff} \f$
* the effective thermal conductivity, \f$\rho^l\f$ the density of liquid,
* \f$c_p^l\f$ the specific heat capacity of liquid, \f$\mathbf{v}^l\f$ the
* liquid velocity, and \f$Q_T\f$ the point heat source. The effective
* volumetric heat can be considered as a composite of the contributions of
* solid phase and the liquid phase as
* \f[
* (\rho c_p)^{eff} = (1-\phi) \rho^s c_p^s + S^l \phi \rho^l c_p^l
* \f]
* with \f$\phi\f$ the porosity, \f$S^l\f$ the liquid saturation, \f$\rho^s \f$
* the solid density, and \f$c_p^s\f$ the specific heat capacity of solid.
* Similarly, the effective thermal conductivity is given by
* \f[
* \mathbf{k}_T^{eff} = (1-\phi) \mathbf{k}_T^s + S^l \phi k_T^l \mathbf I
* \f]
* where \f$\mathbf{k}_T^s\f$ is the thermal conductivity tensor of solid, \f$
* k_T^l\f$ is the thermal conductivity of liquid, and \f$\mathbf I\f$ is the
* identity tensor.
*
* The mass balance equation is given by
* \f{eqnarray*}{
* \left(S^l\beta - \phi\frac{\partial S}{\partial p_c}\right) \rho^l\dot p
* - S \left( \frac{\partial \rho^l}{\partial T}
* +\rho^l(\alpha_B -S)
* \alpha_T^s
* \right)\dot T\\
* +\nabla (\rho^l \mathbf{v}^l) + S \alpha_B \rho^l \nabla \cdot \dot {\mathbf
* u}= Q_H
* \f}
* where \f$p\f$ is the pore pressure, \f$p_c\f$ is the
* capillary pressure, which is \f$-p\f$ under the single phase assumption,
* \f$\beta\f$ is a composite coefficient by the liquid compressibility and
* solid compressibility, \f$\alpha_B\f$ is the Biot's constant,
* \f$\alpha_T^s\f$ is the linear thermal expansivity of solid, \f$Q_H\f$
* is the point source or sink term, \f$ \mathbf u\f$ is the displacement, and
* \f$H(S-1)\f$ is the Heaviside function.
* The liquid velocity \f$\mathbf{v}^l\f$ is
* described by the Darcy's law as
* \f[
* \mathbf{v}^l=-\frac{{\mathbf k} k_{ref}}{\mu} (\nabla p - \rho^l \mathbf g)
* \f]
* with \f${\mathbf k}\f$ the intrinsic permeability, \f$k_{ref}\f$ the relative
* permeability, \f$\mathbf g\f$ the gravitational force.
*
* The momentum balance equation takes the form of
* \f[
* \nabla (\mathbf{\sigma}-b(S)\alpha_B p^l \mathbf I) +\mathbf f=0
* \f]
* with \f$\mathbf{\sigma}\f$ the effective stress tensor, \f$b(S)\f$ the
* Bishop model, \f$\mathbf f\f$ the body force, and \f$\mathbf I\f$ the
* identity. The primary unknowns of the momentum balance equation are the
* displacement \f$\mathbf u\f$, which is associated with the stress by the
* the generalized Hook's law as
* \f[
* {\dot {\mathbf {\sigma}}} = C {\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}^e
* = C ( {\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}} - {\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}^T
* -{\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}^p - {\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}^{sw}-\cdots )
* \f]
* with \f$C\f$ the forth order elastic tensor,
* \f${\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}\f$ the total strain rate,
* \f${\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}^e\f$ the elastic strain rate,
* \f${\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}^T\f$ the thermal strain rate,
* \f${\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}^p\f$ the plastic strain rate,
* \f${\dot {\mathbf \epsilon}}^{sw}\f$ the swelling strain rate.
*
* The strain tensor is given by displacement vector as
* \f[
* \mathbf \epsilon =
* \frac{1}{2} \left((\nabla \mathbf u)^{\text T}+\nabla \mathbf u\right)
* \f]
* where the superscript \f${\text T}\f$ means transpose,
*/
template <int DisplacementDim>
class ThermoRichardsMechanicsProcess final : public Process
{
public:
ThermoRichardsMechanicsProcess(
std::string name,
MeshLib::Mesh& mesh,
std::unique_ptr<ProcessLib::AbstractJacobianAssembler>&&
jacobian_assembler,
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ParameterLib::ParameterBase>> const&
parameters,
unsigned const integration_order,
std::vector<std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<ProcessVariable>>>&&
process_variables,
ThermoRichardsMechanicsProcessData<DisplacementDim>&& process_data,
SecondaryVariableCollection&& secondary_variables,
bool const use_monolithic_scheme);
//! \name ODESystem interface
//! @{
bool isLinear() const override;
//! @}
/**
* Get the size and the sparse pattern of the global matrix in order to
* create the global matrices and vectors for the system equations of this
* process.
*
* @param process_id Process ID. If the monolithic scheme is applied,
* process_id = 0. For the staggered scheme,
* process_id = 0 represents the
* hydraulic (H) process, while process_id = 1
* represents the mechanical (M) process.
* @return Matrix specifications including size and sparse pattern.
*/
MathLib::MatrixSpecifications getMatrixSpecifications(
const int process_id) const override;
private:
using LocalAssemblerIF = LocalAssemblerInterface<DisplacementDim>;
void constructDofTable() override;
void initializeConcreteProcess(
NumLib::LocalToGlobalIndexMap const& dof_table,
MeshLib::Mesh const& mesh,
unsigned const integration_order) override;
void initializeBoundaryConditions() override;
void setInitialConditionsConcreteProcess(std::vector<GlobalVector*>& x,
double const t,
int const process_id) override;
void assembleConcreteProcess(const double t, double const dt,
std::vector<GlobalVector*> const& x,
std::vector<GlobalVector*> const& xdot,
int const process_id, GlobalMatrix& M,
GlobalMatrix& K, GlobalVector& b) override;
void assembleWithJacobianConcreteProcess(
const double t, double const dt, std::vector<GlobalVector*> const& x,
std::vector<GlobalVector*> const& xdot, const double dxdot_dx,
const double dx_dx, int const process_id, GlobalMatrix& M,
GlobalMatrix& K, GlobalVector& b, GlobalMatrix& Jac) override;
void postTimestepConcreteProcess(std::vector<GlobalVector*> const& x,
double const t, double const dt,
const int process_id) override;
NumLib::LocalToGlobalIndexMap const& getDOFTable(
const int process_id) const override;
private:
std::vector<MeshLib::Node*> base_nodes_;
std::unique_ptr<MeshLib::MeshSubset const> mesh_subset_base_nodes_;
ThermoRichardsMechanicsProcessData<DisplacementDim> process_data_;
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<LocalAssemblerIF>> local_assemblers_;
std::unique_ptr<NumLib::LocalToGlobalIndexMap>
local_to_global_index_map_single_component_;
/// Local to global index mapping for base nodes, which is used for linear
/// interpolation for pressure in the staggered scheme.
std::unique_ptr<NumLib::LocalToGlobalIndexMap>
local_to_global_index_map_with_base_nodes_;
/// Sparsity pattern for the flow equation, and it is initialized only if
/// the staggered scheme is used.
GlobalSparsityPattern sparsity_pattern_with_linear_element_;
void computeSecondaryVariableConcrete(double const t, double const dt,
std::vector<GlobalVector*> const& x,
GlobalVector const& x_dot,
int const process_id) override;
/**
* @copydoc ProcessLib::Process::getDOFTableForExtrapolatorData()
*/
std::tuple<NumLib::LocalToGlobalIndexMap*, bool>
getDOFTableForExtrapolatorData() const override;
std::vector<NumLib::LocalToGlobalIndexMap const*> getDOFTables(
const int number_of_processes) const;
/// Check whether the process represented by \c process_id is/has
/// mechanical process. In the present implementation, the mechanical
/// process has process_id == 1 in the staggered scheme.
bool hasMechanicalProcess(int const /*process_id*/) const { return true; }
MeshLib::PropertyVector<double>* nodal_forces_ = nullptr;
MeshLib::PropertyVector<double>* hydraulic_flow_ = nullptr;
};
extern template class ThermoRichardsMechanicsProcess<2>;
extern template class ThermoRichardsMechanicsProcess<3>;
} // namespace ThermoRichardsMechanics
} // namespace ProcessLib