https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia
Tip revision: 33920266908e950936ef3f8503810a2d47333741 authored by Elliot Saba on 26 December 2014, 10:42:47 UTC
Tag v0.3.4
Tag v0.3.4
Tip revision: 3392026
NEWS.md
Julia v0.3.0 Release Notes
==========================
New language features
---------------------
* Greatly enhanced performance for passing and returning `Tuple`s ([#4042]).
* `Tuple`s (of `Integer`s, `Symbol`s, or `Bool`s) can now be used as type
parameters ([#5164]).
* An additional default "inner" constructor accepting any arguments is now
generated. Constructors that look like `MyType(a, b) = new(a, b)` do not
need to be added manually ([#4026], [#7071]).
* Expanded array type hierarchy to include an abstract ``DenseArray`` for
in-memory arrays with standard strided storage ([#987], [#2345],
[#6212]).
* When reloading code, types whose definitions have not changed can be
ignored in some cases.
* Binary `~` now parses as a vararg macro call to `@~`.
For example `x~y~z` => `@~ x y z` ([#4882]).
* Structure fields can now be accessed by index ([#4806]).
* If a module contains a function `__init__()`, it will be called when
the module is first loaded, and on process startup if a pre-compiled
version of the module is present ([#1268]).
* Multi-line comments ([#69], [#6128]): `#= .... =#`
* `--check-bounds=yes|no` compiler option
* Unicode identifiers are normalized (NFC) so that different encodings
of equivalent strings are treated as the same identifier ([#5462]).
* The set of characters permitted in identifiers has been restricted based
on Unicode categories. Generally, punctuation, formatting and control
characters, and operator symbols are not allowed in identifiers.
Number-like characters cannot begin identifiers ([#5936]).
* Define a limited number of infix Unicode operators ([#552], [#6582]):
| Precedence class | Operators (with synonyms, if any)
| ---------------- | ---------------------------------
| == | ≥ (>=) ≤ (<=) ≡ (===) ≠ (!=) ≢ (!==) .≥ (.>=) .≤ (.<=) .!= (.≠) ∈ (`in`) ∉ (`(x,y)->!in(x, y)`) ∋ (`(x,y)->in(y, x)`) ∌ (`(x,y)->!in(y, x)`) ⊆ (`issubset`) ⊈ (`(x,y)->!issubset(x, y)`) ⊊ (`(x,y)->x⊆y && x!=y`) |
| + | ∪ (`union`) |
| * | ÷ (`div`) ⋅ (`dot`) × (`cross`) ∩ (`intersect`) |
| unary | √ ∛ |
In addition to these, many of the Unicode operator symbols are parsed
as infix operators and are available for user-defined methods ([#6929]).
* Improved reporting of syntax errors ([#6179])
* `break` inside a `for` loop with multiple ranges now exits the entire loop nest ([#5154])
* Local goto statements using the `@goto` and `@label` macros. ([#101])
REPL improvements
-----------------
* New native-Julia REPL implementation, eliminating many problems
stemming from the old GNU Readline-based REPL ([#6270]).
* Tab-substitution of LaTeX math symbols (e.g. `\alpha` by `α`) ([#6911]).
This also works in IJulia and in Emacs ([#6920]).
* `workspace()` function for obtaining a fresh workspace ([#1195]).
Library improvements
--------------------
* `isequal` now compares all numbers by value, ignoring type ([#6624]).
* Implement limited shared-memory parallelism with `SharedArray`s ([#5380]).
* Well-behaved floating-point ranges ([#2333], [#5636]).
Introduced the `FloatRange` type for floating-point ranges with a step,
which will give intuitive/correct results for classically problematic
ranges like `0.1:0.1:0.3`, `0.0:0.7:2.1` or `1.0:1/49:27.0`.
* `mod2pi` function ([#4799], [#4862]).
* New functions `minmax` and `extrema` ([#5275]).
* New macros `@edit`, `@less`, `@code_typed`, `@code_lowered`, `@code_llvm` and `@code_native` that all function like `@which` ([#5832]).
* `consume(p)` extended to `consume(p, args...)`, allowing it
to optionally pass `args...` back to the producer ([#4775]).
* `.juliarc.jl` is now loaded for both script and REPL execution ([#5076]).
* The `Sys` module now includes convenient functions for working with
dynamic library handles; `Sys.dllist` will list out all paths currently
loaded via `dlopen`, and `Sys.dlpath` will lookup a path from a handle
* `readdlm` treats multiple whitespace characters as a single delimiter
by default (when no delimiter is specified). This is useful for reading
fixed-width or messy whitespace-delimited data ([#5403]).
* The Airy, Bessel, Hankel, and related functions (`airy*`,
`bessel*`, `hankel*`) now detect errors returned by the underlying
AMOS library, throwing an `AmosException` in that case ([#4967]).
* `methodswith` now returns an array of `Method`s ([#5464]) rather
than just printing its results.
* `errno([code])` function to get or set the C library's `errno`.
* `GitHub` module for interacting with the GitHub API.
* Package improvements
* Packages are now installed into `.julia/v0.3` by default (or
whatever the current Julia version is), so that different
versions of Julia can co-exist with incompatible packages.
Existing `.julia` installations are unaffected unless `Pkg.init()`
is run to re-create the package directories ([#3344], [#5737]).
* `Pkg.submit(pkg[,commit])` function to automatically submit
a GitHub pull request to the package author.
* Collections improvements
* `Array` assignment (e.g. `x[:] = y`) ignores singleton dimensions
and allows the last dimension of one side to match all trailing dimensions
of the other ([#4048], [#4383]).
* `Dict(kv)` constructor for any iterator on `(key,value)` pairs.
* Multi-key `Dict`s: `D[x,y...]` is now a synonym for `D[(x,y...)]`
for associations `D` ([#4870]).
* `push!` and `unshift!` can push multiple arguments ([#4782]).
* `writedlm` and `writecsv` now accept any iterable collection of
iterable rows, in addition to `AbstractArray` arguments, and the
``writedlm`` delimiter can be any printable object (e.g. a
``String``) instead of just a ``Char``.
* `isempty` now works for any iterable collection ([#5827]).
* `unique` now accepts an optional `dim` argument for finding
unique rows or columns of a matrix or regions of a
multidimensional array ([#5811]).
* `Number` improvements
* The `ImaginaryUnit` type no longer exists. Instead, `im` is of type
`Complex{Bool}`. Making this work required changing the semantics of
boolean multiplication to approximately, `true * x = x` and
`false * x = zero(x)`, which can itself be considered useful ([#5468]).
* `big` is now vectorized ([#4766])
* `nextpow` and `prevpow` now return the `a^n` values instead of the
exponent `n` ([#4819])
* Overflow detection in `parseint` ([#4874]).
* `rand` now supports arbitrary `Ranges` arguments ([#5059]).
* `expm1` and `log1p` now support complex arguments ([#3141]).
* Broadcasting `.//` is now included ([#7094]).
* `prevfloat` and `nextfloat` now saturate at -Inf and Inf,
respectively, and have otherwise been fixed to follow the IEEE-754
standard functions `nextDown` and `nextUp` ([#5025]).
* New function `widen` for widening numeric types and values, and `widemul`
for multiplying to a larger type ([#6169]).
* `polygamma`, `digamma`, and `trigamma` now accept complex
arguments, and `zeta(s, z)` now provides the Hurwitz zeta ([#7125]).
* Narrow integer types (< 32 bits) are promoted to `Float64` rather
than to `Float32` by `float(x)` ([#7390]).
* `String` improvements
* Triple-quoted regex strings, `r"""..."""` ([#4934]).
* New string type, `UTF16String` ([#4930]), constructed by
`utf16(s)` from another string, a `Uint16` array or pointer, or
a byte array (possibly prefixed by a byte-order marker to
indicate endian-ness). Its data is internally `NULL`-terminated
for passing to C ([#7016]).
* `CharString` is renamed to `UTF32String` ([#4943]), and its data
is now internally `NULL`-terminated for passing to C ([#7016]).
`CharString(c::Char...)` is deprecated in favor of `utf32(c...)`,
and `utf32(s)` otherwise has functionality similar to `utf16(s)`.
* New `WString` and `wstring` synonyms for either `UTF16String`
and `utf16` or `UTF32String` and `utf32`, respectively, depending
on the width of `Cwchar_t` ([#7016]).
* `normalize_string` function to perform Unicode normalization,
case-folding, and other transformations ([#5576]).
* `pointer(s, i=1)` for `ByteString`, `UTF16String`, `UTF32String`,
and `SubString`s thereof ([#5703]).
* `bytestring` is automatically called on `String` arguments for
conversion to `Ptr{Uint8}` in `ccall` ([#5677]).
* Linear algebra improvements
* Balancing options for eigenvector calculations for general matrices ([#5428]).
* Mutating linear algebra functions no longer promote ([#5526]).
* `condskeel` for Skeel condition numbers ([#5726]).
* `norm(::Matrix)` no longer calculates a vector norm when the first
dimension is one ([#5545]); it always uses the operator (induced)
matrix norm.
* New `vecnorm(itr, p=2)` function that computes the norm of
any iterable collection of numbers as if it were a vector of
the same length. This generalizes and replaces `normfro` ([#6057]),
and `norm` is now type-stable ([#6056]).
* New `UniformScaling` matrix type and identity `I` constant ([#5810]).
* None of the concrete matrix factorization types are exported from `Base`
by default anymore.
* Sparse linear algebra
* 1-d sparse `getindex` has been implemented ([#7047])
* Faster sparse `getindex` ([#7131]).
* Faster sparse `kron` ([#4958]).
* `sparse(A) \ B` now supports a matrix `B` of right-hand sides ([#5196]).
* `eigs(A, sigma)` now uses shift-and-invert for nonzero shifts `sigma` and inverse iteration for `which="SM"`. If `sigma==nothing` (the new default), computes ordinary (forward) iterations. ([#5776])
* `sprand` is faster, and whether any entry is nonzero is now determined independently with the specified probability ([#6726]).
* Dense linear algebra for special matrix types
* Interconversions between the special matrix types `Diagonal`, `Bidiagonal`,
`SymTridiagonal`, `Triangular`, and `Triangular`, and `Matrix` are now allowed
for matrices which are representable in both source and destination types. ([5e3f074b])
* Allow for addition and subtraction over mixed matrix types, automatically promoting
the result to the denser matrix type ([a448e080], [#5927])
* new algorithms for linear solvers and eigensystems of `Bidiagonal`
matrices of generic element types ([#5277])
* new algorithms for linear solvers, eigensystems and singular systems of `Diagonal`
matrices of generic element types ([#5263])
* new algorithms for linear solvers and eigensystems of `Triangular`
matrices of generic element types ([#5255])
* specialized `inv` and `det` methods for `Tridiagonal` and `SymTridiagonal`
based on recurrence relations between principal minors ([#5358])
* specialized `transpose`, `ctranspose`, `istril`, `istriu` methods for
`Triangular` ([#5255]) and `Bidiagonal` ([#5277])
* new LAPACK wrappers
- condition number estimate `cond(A::Triangular)` ([#5255])
* parametrize `Triangular` on matrix type ([#7064])
* Lyapunov / Sylvester solver ([#7435])
* `eigvals` for `Symmetric`, `Tridiagonal` and `Hermitian` matrices now
support additional method signatures: ([#3688], [#6652], [#6678], [#7647])
- `eigvals(M, el, eu)` finds all eigenvalues in the interval `(el, eu]`
- `eigvals(M, il:iu)` finds the `il`th through the `iu`th eigenvalues (in ascending order)
* Dense linear algebra for generic matrix element types
* LU factorization ([#5381] and [#5430])
* QR factorization ([#5526])
* New function `deleteat!` deletes a specified index or indices and
returns the updated collection
* The `setenv` function for external processes now accepts a `dir` keyword
argument for specifying the directory to start the child process in ([#4888]).
* Constructors for collections (`Set`, `Dict`, etc.) now generally accept a
single iterable argument giving the elements of the collection ([#4996], [#4871])
* Ranges and arrays with the same elements are now unequal. This allows hashing
and comparing ranges to be faster. ([#5778])
* Broadcasting now works on arbitrary `AbstractArrays` ([#5387])
* Reduction functions that accept a pre-allocated output array, including
`sum!`, `prod!`, `maximum!`, `minimum!`, `all!`, `any!` ([#6197], [#5387])
* Faster performance on `fill!` and `copy!` for array types not supporting
efficient linear indexing ([#5671], [#5387])
* Changes to range types ([#5585])
* `Range` is now the abstract range type, instead of `Ranges`
* New function `range` for constructing ranges by length
* `Range` is now `StepRange`, and `Range1` is now `UnitRange`. Their
constructors accept end points instead of lengths. Both are subtypes of a
new abstract type `OrdinalRange`.
* Ranges now support `BigInt` and general ordinal types.
* Very large ranges (e.g. `0:typemax(Int)`) can now be constructed, but some
operations (e.g. `length`) will raise an `OverflowError`.
* Extended API for `cov` and `cor`, which accept keyword arguments `vardim`,
`corrected`, and `mean` ([#6273])
* New functions `randsubseq` and `randsubseq!` to create a random subsequence of an array ([#6726])
* New macro `@evalpoly` for efficient inline evaluation of polynomials ([#7146]).
* The signal filtering function `filt` now accepts an optional initial filter state vector. A new in-place function `filt!` is also exported. ([#7513])
* Significantly faster `cumsum` and `cumprod`. ([#7359])
* Implement `findmin` and `findmax` over specified array dimensions. ([#6716])
* Support memory-mapping of files with offsets on Windows. ([#7242])
* Catch writes to protect memory, such as when trying to modify a mmapped file opened in read-only mode. ([#3434])
Environment improvements
------------------------
* New `--code-coverage` and `--track-allocation` startup features allow one to measure the number of executions or the amount of memory allocated, respectively, at each line of code. ([#5423],[#7464])
* `Profile.init` now accepts keyword arguments, and returns the current settings when no arguments are supplied. ([#7365])
Build improvements
------------------
* Dependencies are now verified against stored MD5/SHA512 hashes, to ensure
that the correct file has been downloaded and was not modified. ([#6773])
Deprecated or removed
---------------------
* `convert(Ptr{T1}, x::Array{T2})` is now deprecated unless `T1 == T2`
or `T1 == None` ([#6073]). (You can still explicitly `convert`
one pointer type into another if needed.)
* `Sys.shlib_ext` has been renamed to `Sys.dlext`
* `dense` is deprecated in favor of `full` ([#4759])
* The `Stat` type is renamed `StatStruct` ([#4670])
* `set_rounding`, `get_rounding` and `with_rounding` now take an additional
argument specifying the floating point type to which they apply. The old
behaviour and `[get/set/with]_bigfloat_rounding` functions are deprecated ([#5007])
* `cholpfact` and `qrpfact` are deprecated in favor of keyword arguments in
`cholfact(..., pivot=true)` and `qrfact(..., pivot=true)` ([#5330])
* `symmetrize!` is deprecated in favor of `Base.LinAlg.copytri!` ([#5427])
* `myindexes` has been renamed to `localindexes` ([#5475])
* `factorize!` is deprecated in favor of `factorize`. ([#5526])
* `nnz` counts the number of structural nonzeros in a sparse
matrix. Use `countnz` for the actual number of nonzeros. ([#6769])
* `setfield` is renamed `setfield!` ([#5748])
* `put` and `take` are renamed `put!` and `take!` ([#5511])
* `put!` now returns its first argument, the remote reference ([#5819])
* `read` methods that modify a passed array are now called `read!` ([#5970])
* `infs` and `nans` are deprecated in favor of the more general `fill`.
* `*` and `div` are no longer supported for `Char`.
* `Range` is renamed `StepRange` and `Range1` is renamed `UnitRange`.
`Ranges` is renamed `Range`.
* `bitmix` is replaced by a 2-argument form of `hash`.
* `readsfrom` and `writesto` are replaced by `open` ([#6948]).
* `insert!` now throws a `BoundsError` if
`index > length(collection)+1` ([#7373]).
Julia v0.2.0 Release Notes
==========================
The 0.2 release brings improvements to many areas of Julia. Among the
most visible changes are support for 64-bit Windows, keyword arguments
to functions, immutable types, a redesigned and polished package
manager, a multimedia interface supporting usage of Julia in IPython,
a built-in profiler, and major improvements to Julia's linear algebra,
I/O, and parallel capabilities. These are accompanied by many other
changes adding new features, enhancing the library's consistency,
improving performance, increasing test coverage, easing installation,
and expanding the documentation. While not part of Julia proper, the
package ecosystem has also grown and matured considerably since the
0.1 release. See below for more information about the long list of
changes that improve Julia's usability and performance.
New language features
---------------------
* Keyword & optional function arguments ([#485], [#1817]).
* Immutable types ([#13]).
* Triple-quoted string literals ([#70]).
* New infix operator `in` (e.g. `x in S`), and corresponding function
`in(x,S)`, replacing `contains(S,x)` function ([#2703]).
* New variable bindings on each for loop and comprehension iteration ([#1571]).
For example, before this change:
julia> map(f->f(), { ()->i for i=1:3 })
3-element Any Array:
3
3
3
and after:
julia> map(f->f(), { ()->i for i=1:3 })
3-element Any Array:
1
2
3
* Explicit relative importing ([#2375]).
* Methods can be added to functions in other modules using dot syntax,
as in `Foo.bar(x) = 0`.
* `import module: name1, name2, ...` ([#5214]).
* A semicolon is now allowed after an `import` or `using` statement ([#4130]).
* In an interactive session (REPL), you can use `;cmd` to run `cmd` via an interactive
shell. For example:
julia> ;ls
CONTRIBUTING.md Makefile VERSION deps/ julia@ ui/
DISTRIBUTING.md NEWS.md Windows.inc doc/ src/ usr/
LICENSE.md README.md base/ etc/ test/
Make.inc README.windows.md contrib/ examples/ tmp/
New library functions
---------------------
* Sampling profiler ([#2597]).
* Functions for examining stages of the compiler's output:
`code_lowered`, `code_typed`, `code_llvm`, and `code_native`.
* Multimedia I/O API (display, writemime, etcetera) ([#3932]).
* MPFR-based `BigFloat` ([#2814]), and many new `BigFloat` operations.
* New half-precision IEEE floating-point type, `Float16` ([#3467]).
* Support for setting floating-point rounding modes ([#3149]).
* `methodswith` shows all methods with an argument of specific type.
* `mapslices` provides a general way to perform operations on slices of arrays ([#2204]).
* `repeat` function for constructing Arrays with repeated elements ([#3605]).
* `Collections.PriorityQueue` type and `Collections.heap` functions ([#2920]).
* `quadgk` 1d-integration routine ([#3140]).
* `erfinv` and `erfcinv` functions ([#2987]).
* `varm`, `stdm` ([#2265]).
* `digamma`, `invdigamma`, `trigamma` and `polygamma` for calculating derivatives of `gamma` function ([#3233]).
* `logdet` ([#3070]).
* Names for C-compatible types: `Cchar`, `Clong`, etc. ([#2370]).
* `cglobal` to access global variables ([#1815]).
* `unsafe_pointer_to_objref` ([#2468]) and `pointer_from_objref` ([#2515]).
* `readandwrite` for external processes.
* I/O functions `readbytes` and `readbytes!` ([#3878]).
* `flush_cstdio` function ([#3949]).
* ClusterManager makes it possible to support different types of compute clusters
([#3649], [#4014]).
* `rmprocs` for removing processors from a parallel computing session.
The system can also tolerate to some extent processors that die unexpectedly
([#3050]).
* `interrupt` for interrupting worker processes ([#3819]).
* `timedwait` does a polled wait for an event till a specified timeout.
* `Condition` type with `wait` and `notify` functions for `Task` synchronization.
* `versioninfo` provides detailed version information, especially useful when
reporting and diagnosing bugs.
* `detach` for running child processes in a separate process group.
* `setenv` for passing environment variables to child processes.
* `ifelse` eagerly-evaluated conditional function, especially useful for
vectorized conditionals.
Library improvements
--------------------
* `isequal` now returns `false` for numbers of different types.
This makes it much easier to define hashing for new numeric types.
Uses of `Dict` with numeric keys might need to change
to account for this increased strictness.
* A redesigned and rewritten `Pkg` system is much more robust in case of problems.
The basic interface to adding and removing package requirements remains the
same, but great deal of additional functionality for developing packages in-place
was added. See the new [packages chapter] in the manual for further details.
* Sorting API updates ([#3665]) – see [sorting functions].
* The `delete!(d::Dict, key)` function has been split into separate `pop!`
and `delete!` functions ([#3439]).
`pop!(d,key)` removes `key` from `d` and returns the value that was associated with it;
it throws an exception if `d` does not contain `key`.
`delete!(d,key)` removes `key` from `d` and succeeds regardless of whether `d`
contained `key` or not, returning `d` itself in either case.
* Linear-algebra factorization routines (`lu`, `chol`, etc.) now return
`Factorization` objects (and `lud`, `chold`, etc. are deprecated; [#2212]).
* A number of improvements to sparse matrix capabilities and sparse linear algebra.
* More linear algebra fixes and eigensolver hooks
for `SymTridiagonal`, `Tridiagonal` and `Bidiagonal` matrix types
([#2606], [#2608], [#2609], [#2611], [#2678], [#2713], [#2720], [#2725]).
* Change `integer_valued`, `real_valued`, and so on to `isinteger`, `isreal`,
and so on, and semantics of the later are now value-based rather than type-based,
unlike MATLAB/Octave ([#3071]). `isbool` and `iscomplex` are eliminated in favor
of a general `iseltype` function.
* Transitive comparison of floats with rationals ([#3102]).
* Fast prime generation with `primes` and fast primality testing with `isprime`.
* `sum` and `cumsum` now use [pairwise summation] for better accuracy ([#4039]).
* Dot operators (`.+`, `.*` etc.) now broadcast singleton dimensions of array arguments.
This behavior can be applied to any function using `broadcast(f, ...)`.
* `combinations`, `permutations`, and `partitions` now return iterators instead of a task,
and `integer_partitions` has been renamed to `partitions` ([#3989], [#4055]).
* `isreadable`/`iswritable` methods added for more IO types ([#3872]).
* Much faster and improved `readdlm` and `writedlm` ([#3350], [#3468], [#3483]).
* Faster `matchall` ([#3719]), and various string and regex improvements.
* Documentation of advanced linear algebra features ([#2807]).
* Support optional RTLD flags in `dlopen` ([#2380]).
* `pmap` now works with any iterable collection.
* Options in `pmap` for retrying or ignoring failed tasks.
* New `sinpi(x)` and `cospi(x)` functions to compute sine and cosine of `pi*x`
more accurately ([#4112]).
* New implementations of elementary complex functions
`sqrt`, `log`, `asin`, `acos`, `atan`, `tanh`, `asinh`, `acosh`, `atanh`
with correct branch cuts ([#2891]).
* Improved behavior of `SubArray` ([#4412], [#4284], [#4044], [#3697], [#3790],
[#3148], [#2844], [#2644] and various other fixes).
* New convenience functions in graphics API.
* Improved backtraces on Windows and OS X.
* Implementation of reduction functions (including `reduce`, `mapreduce`, `sum`, `prod`,
`maximum`, `minimum`, `all`, and `any`) are refactored, with improved type stability,
efficiency, and consistency. ([#6116], [#7035], [#7061], [#7106])
Deprecated or removed
---------------------
* Methods of `min` and `max` that do reductions were renamed to
`minimum` and `maximum`. `min(x)` is now `minimum(x)`, and
`min(x,(),dim)` is now `minimum(x,dim)`. ([#4235])
* `ComplexPair` was renamed to `Complex` and made `immutable`,
and `Complex128` and so on are now aliases to the new `Complex` type.
* `!` was added to the name of many mutating functions,
e.g., `push` was renamed `push!` ([#907]).
* `ref` renamed to `getindex`, and `assign` to `setindex!` ([#1484]).
* `writeable` renamed to `writable` ([#3874]).
* `logb` and `ilogb` renamed to `exponent` ([#2516]).
* `quote_string` became a method of `repr`.
* `safe_char`, `check_ascii`, and `check_utf8` replaced by
`is_valid_char`, `is_valid_ascii`, and `is_valid_utf8`, respectively.
* `each_line`, `each_match`, `begins_with`, `ends_with`, `parse_float`,
`parse_int`, and `seek_end` replaced by: `eachline`, `eachmatch`, and so on
(`_` was removed) ([#1539]).
* `parse_bin(s)` replaced by `parseint(s,2)`;
`parse_oct(s)` replaced by `parseint(s,8)`;
`parse_hex(s)` replaced by `parseint(s,16)`.
* `findn_nzs` replaced by `findnz` ([#1539]).
* `DivideByZeroError` replaced by `DivideError`.
* `addprocs_ssh`, `addprocs_ssh_tunnel`, and `addprocs_local`
replaced by `addprocs` (with keyword options).
* `remote_call`, `remote_call_fetch`, and `remote_call_wait`
replaced by `remotecall`, `remotecall_fetch`, and `remotecall_wait`.
* `has` replaced by `in` for sets and by `haskey` for dictionaries.
* `diagmm` and `diagmm!` replaced by `scale` and `scale!` ([#2916]).
* `unsafe_ref` and `unsafe_assign` replaced by `unsafe_load` and `unsafe_store!`.
* `add_each!` and `del_each!` replaced by `union!` and `setdiff!`.
* `isdenormal` renamed to `issubnormal` ([#3105]).
* `expr` replaced by direct call to `Expr` constructor.
* `|`, `&`, `$`, `-`, and `~` for sets replaced by
`union`, `intersect`, `symdiff`, `setdiff`, and `complement` ([#3272]).
* `square` function removed.
* `pascal` function removed.
* `add` and `add!` for `Set` replaced by `push!`.
* `ls` function deprecated in favor of `readdir` or `;ls` in the REPL.
* `start_timer` now expects arguments in units of seconds, not milliseconds.
* Shell redirection operators `|`, `>`, and `<` eliminated in favor of a new
operator `|>` ([#3523]).
* `amap` is deprecated in favor of new `mapslices` functionality.
* The `Reverse` iterator was removed since it did not work in many cases.
* The `gcd` function now returns a non-negative value regardless of
the argument signs, and various other sign problems with `invmod`,
`lcm`, `gcdx`, and `powermod` were fixed ([#4811]).
Miscellaneous changes
---------------------
* `julia-release-*` executables renamed to `julia-*`,
and `libjulia-release` renamed to `libjulia` ([#4177]).
* Packages will now be installed in `.julia/vX.Y`, where
X.Y is the current Julia version.
Bugfixes and performance updates
--------------------------------
Too numerous to mention.
[packages chapter]: http://docs.julialang.org/en/latest/manual/packages/
[sorting functions]: http://docs.julialang.org/en/latest/stdlib/sort/
[pairwise summation]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pairwise_summation
[a448e080]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/commit/a448e080dc736c7fb326426dfcb2528be36973d3
[5e3f074b]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/commit/5e3f074b9173044a0a4219f9b285879ff7cec041
<!--- generated by NEWS-update.jl: -->
[#13]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/13
[#69]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/69
[#70]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/70
[#101]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/101
[#485]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/485
[#552]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/552
[#907]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/907
[#987]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/987
[#1195]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/1195
[#1268]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/1268
[#1484]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/1484
[#1539]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/1539
[#1571]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/1571
[#1815]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/1815
[#1817]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/1817
[#2204]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2204
[#2212]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2212
[#2265]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2265
[#2333]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2333
[#2345]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2345
[#2370]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2370
[#2375]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2375
[#2380]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2380
[#2468]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2468
[#2515]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2515
[#2516]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2516
[#2597]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2597
[#2606]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2606
[#2608]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2608
[#2609]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2609
[#2611]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2611
[#2644]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2644
[#2678]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2678
[#2703]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2703
[#2713]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2713
[#2720]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2720
[#2725]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2725
[#2807]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2807
[#2814]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2814
[#2844]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2844
[#2891]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2891
[#2916]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2916
[#2920]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2920
[#2987]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/2987
[#3050]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3050
[#3070]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3070
[#3071]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3071
[#3102]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3102
[#3105]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3105
[#3140]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3140
[#3141]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3141
[#3148]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3148
[#3149]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3149
[#3233]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3233
[#3272]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3272
[#3344]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3344
[#3350]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3350
[#3434]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3434
[#3439]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3439
[#3467]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3467
[#3468]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3468
[#3483]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3483
[#3523]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3523
[#3605]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3605
[#3649]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3649
[#3665]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3665
[#3688]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3688
[#3697]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3697
[#3719]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3719
[#3790]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3790
[#3819]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3819
[#3872]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3872
[#3874]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3874
[#3878]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3878
[#3932]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3932
[#3949]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3949
[#3989]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/3989
[#4014]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4014
[#4026]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4026
[#4039]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4039
[#4042]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4042
[#4044]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4044
[#4048]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4048
[#4055]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4055
[#4112]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4112
[#4130]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4130
[#4177]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4177
[#4235]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4235
[#4284]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4284
[#4383]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4383
[#4412]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4412
[#4670]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4670
[#4759]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4759
[#4766]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4766
[#4775]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4775
[#4782]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4782
[#4799]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4799
[#4806]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4806
[#4811]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4811
[#4819]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4819
[#4862]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4862
[#4870]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4870
[#4871]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4871
[#4874]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4874
[#4882]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4882
[#4888]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4888
[#4930]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4930
[#4934]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4934
[#4943]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4943
[#4958]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4958
[#4967]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4967
[#4996]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/4996
[#5007]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5007
[#5025]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5025
[#5059]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5059
[#5076]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5076
[#5154]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5154
[#5164]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5164
[#5196]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5196
[#5214]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5214
[#5255]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5255
[#5263]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5263
[#5275]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5275
[#5277]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5277
[#5330]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5330
[#5358]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5358
[#5380]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5380
[#5381]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5381
[#5387]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5387
[#5403]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5403
[#5423]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5423
[#5427]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5427
[#5428]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5428
[#5430]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5430
[#5462]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5462
[#5464]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5464
[#5468]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5468
[#5475]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5475
[#5511]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5511
[#5526]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5526
[#5545]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5545
[#5576]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5576
[#5585]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5585
[#5636]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5636
[#5671]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5671
[#5677]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5677
[#5703]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5703
[#5726]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5726
[#5737]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5737
[#5748]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5748
[#5776]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5776
[#5778]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5778
[#5810]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5810
[#5811]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5811
[#5819]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5819
[#5827]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5827
[#5832]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5832
[#5927]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5927
[#5936]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5936
[#5970]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/5970
[#6056]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6056
[#6057]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6057
[#6073]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6073
[#6116]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6116
[#6128]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6128
[#6169]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6169
[#6179]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6179
[#6197]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6197
[#6212]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6212
[#6270]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6270
[#6273]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6273
[#6582]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6582
[#6624]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6624
[#6652]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6652
[#6678]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6678
[#6716]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6716
[#6726]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6726
[#6769]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6769
[#6773]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6773
[#6911]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6911
[#6920]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6920
[#6929]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6929
[#6948]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/6948
[#7016]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7016
[#7035]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7035
[#7047]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7047
[#7061]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7061
[#7064]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7064
[#7071]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7071
[#7094]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7094
[#7106]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7106
[#7125]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7125
[#7131]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7131
[#7146]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7146
[#7242]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7242
[#7359]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7359
[#7365]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7365
[#7373]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7373
[#7390]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7390
[#7435]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7435
[#7464]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7464
[#7513]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7513
[#7647]: https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/7647
