Fixes #52213

Overwritting methods during cache creation is currently not something
that the system
can support and can lead to surprising, counter-intuitive and fatal
errors.

In 1.10 we turned it from a warning to a strong error, with this PR it
remains
a strong error, but the precompilation system recognizes it and
essentially sets `__precompile__(false)`
for this module and all modules that depend on it.

Before:
```
julia> using OverwriteMethodError
[ Info: Precompiling OverwriteMethodError [top-level]
WARNING: Method definition +(Bool, Bool) in module Base at bool.jl:166 overwritten in module OverwriteMethodError at /home/vchuravy/src/julia2/OverwriteMethodError.jl:2.
ERROR: LoadError: Method overwriting is not permitted during Module precompile.
Stacktrace:
 [1] top-level scope
   @ ~/src/julia2/OverwriteMethodError.jl:2
 [2] include
   @ Base ./Base.jl:489 [inlined]
 [3] include_package_for_output(pkg::Base.PkgId, input::String, depot_path::Vector{String}, dl_load_path::Vector{String}, load_path::Vector{String}, concrete_deps::Vector{Pair{Base.PkgId, UInt128}}, source::Nothing)
   @ Base ./loading.jl:2216
 [4] top-level scope
   @ stdin:3
in expression starting at /home/vchuravy/src/julia2/OverwriteMethodError.jl:1
in expression starting at stdin:3
ERROR: Failed to precompile OverwriteMethodError [top-level] to "/home/vchuravy/.julia/compiled/v1.10/jl_guiuCQ".
Stacktrace:
  [1] error(s::String)
    @ Base ./error.jl:35
  [2] compilecache(pkg::Base.PkgId, path::String, internal_stderr::IO, internal_stdout::IO, keep_loaded_modules::Bool)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:2462
  [3] compilecache
    @ Base ./loading.jl:2334 [inlined]
  [4] (::Base.var"#968#969"{Base.PkgId})()
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1968
  [5] mkpidlock(f::Base.var"#968#969"{Base.PkgId}, at::String, pid::Int32; kwopts::@Kwargs{stale_age::Int64, wait::Bool})
    @ FileWatching.Pidfile ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.0-rc1+0.x64.linux.gnu/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/FileWatching/src/pidfile.jl:93
  [6] #mkpidlock#6
    @ FileWatching.Pidfile ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.0-rc1+0.x64.linux.gnu/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/FileWatching/src/pidfile.jl:88 [inlined]
  [7] trymkpidlock(::Function, ::Vararg{Any}; kwargs::@Kwargs{stale_age::Int64})
    @ FileWatching.Pidfile ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.0-rc1+0.x64.linux.gnu/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/FileWatching/src/pidfile.jl:111
  [8] #invokelatest#2
    @ Base ./essentials.jl:889 [inlined]
  [9] invokelatest
    @ Base ./essentials.jl:884 [inlined]
 [10] maybe_cachefile_lock(f::Base.var"#968#969"{Base.PkgId}, pkg::Base.PkgId, srcpath::String; stale_age::Int64)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:2977
 [11] maybe_cachefile_lock
    @ Base ./loading.jl:2974 [inlined]
 [12] _require(pkg::Base.PkgId, env::String)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1964
 [13] __require_prelocked(uuidkey::Base.PkgId, env::String)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1806
 [14] #invoke_in_world#3
    @ Base ./essentials.jl:921 [inlined]
 [15] invoke_in_world
    @ Base ./essentials.jl:918 [inlined]
 [16] _require_prelocked(uuidkey::Base.PkgId, env::String)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1797
 [17] macro expansion
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1784 [inlined]
 [18] macro expansion
    @ Base ./lock.jl:267 [inlined]
 [19] __require(into::Module, mod::Symbol)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1747
 [20] #invoke_in_world#3
    @ Base ./essentials.jl:921 [inlined]
 [21] invoke_in_world
    @ Base ./essentials.jl:918 [inlined]
 [22] require(into::Module, mod::Symbol)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1740
```

After:
```
julia> using OverwriteMethodError
┌ Info: Precompiling OverwriteMethodError [top-level]
└ @ Base loading.jl:2486
WARNING: Method definition +(Bool, Bool) in module Base at bool.jl:166 overwritten in module OverwriteMethodError at /home/vchuravy/src/julia2/OverwriteMethodError.jl:2.
ERROR: Method overwriting is not permitted during Module precompile.
┌ Info: Skipping precompilation since __precompile__(false). Importing OverwriteMethodError [top-level].
└ @ Base loading.jl:2084
```

---------

Co-authored-by: Kristoffer Carlsson <kcarlsson89@gmail.com>